Tuesday, April 23, 2013

Insurance Loss Hampers Young People With Asthma - Drugs.com ...

MONDAY April 22, 2013 -- The loss of health insurance is the main reason asthma care for young people deteriorates after age 18, according to a new study.

Certain social factors -- such as leaving school and no longer having adult supervision -- also contribute to the decline in care, according to Harvard Medical School researchers.

"This study suggests that expanding insurance coverage will help many young adults with asthma receive the care they need," study leader Kao-Ping Chua, a staff physician in the division of emergency medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, said in a Harvard news release. "But it also points to the importance of addressing other socially mediated factors in this population."

"Aside from the lack of financial protection, uninsurance poses fewer health risks to young adults than for older adults because they are generally healthy," study senior author J. Michael McWilliams, an assistant professor of health care policy and medicine at Harvard Medical School, said in the news release.

"But for young people with asthma -- or other conditions amenable to medical care -- it's important to understand and address the barriers to care," he added.

The researchers looked at data from nearly 2,500 asthma patients, aged 14 to 25, in order to determine if they had a regular care provider, if they visited that provider at least once a year, if they used asthma medications and if they made emergency-room visits.

Patients under age 18 were more likely to use primary care and asthma medications, while those over 18 were more likely to make emergency-room visits and have problems getting care and medications due to cost.

The loss of health insurance explained 32 percent of the decline in the use of primary care by patients over age 18 and between 47 percent and 61 percent of the increase in their cost-related problems getting care and medications, according to the study, which was published recently in the journal Pediatrics.

Under the federal Affordable Care Act, young adults whose parents have private insurance will be eligible to continue receiving coverage on their parents' policies until they are 26. But, the researchers said, since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states do not have to extend similar coverage to people on Medicaid, low-income young adults will be left out.

Health insurance, however, is not the only problem, they added.

"Young people with asthma need to work with their care providers to create transition plans from pediatric to adult care that take into account their medical and social history," Chua said.

More information

The U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has more about asthma.

Posted: April 2013

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Source: http://www.drugs.com/news/insurance-loss-hampers-young-asthma-44217.html

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Monday, April 22, 2013

FAA furloughs kick in, some flight delays appear

Commercial airline flights moved smoothly throughout most of the country on Sunday, the first day air traffic controllers were subject to furloughs resulting from government spending cuts, though some delays appeared in the late evening in and around New York. And even though the nightmarish flight delays and cancellations that the airline industry predicted would result from the furloughs did not materialize yet, the real test will come Monday, when traffic ramps up.

Information from the FAA and others showed that flying Sunday was largely uneventful, with most flights on time. There were delays in parts of Florida, but those were caused by thunderstorms.

Mark Duell at the flight tracking website FlightAware said that John F. Kennedy and LaGuardia airports in New York indicated delays due to lower staffing starting late Sunday evening. JFK averaged 70-minute delays for inbound flights, but no detectable departure delays. LaGuardia averaged 74-minute delays for inbound flights, and departure delays of 37 minutes.

The FAA website said that flights from Philadelphia and Orlando, Fla., into John F. Kennedy, LaGuardia and Westchester County airports were delayed due to staffing issues.

The trade group Airlines for America, which represents the airlines and had predicted a big traffic snarl, said Sunday evening that it was "not seeing a significant impact at this point." A spokeswoman said the group would continue to monitor the situation, and urged flyers to stay in contact with their airlines.

Delays were also affecting travelers in Los Angeles. The FAA said late Sunday night that staffing cuts were causing delays averaging more than three hours for flights arriving at Los Angeles International Airport. The agency did not say how many flights were affected.

Airport spokesman Marshall Lowe said about 70 flights had delays of about an hour or more Sunday, but he could not say what role the staffing cuts played in the delays.

The FAA said that "relatively good weather" and light traffic, which is typical of Sundays, helped keep delays in check. The agency said it would be working with airlines "to minimize the delay impacts of lower staffing" as the busy summer travel season approaches.

Government budget cuts that kicked in last month are forcing the FAA and other agencies to cut their spending. FAA officials have said they have no choice but to furlough all 47,000 agency employees, including nearly 15,000 controllers. Each employee will lose one day of work every other week. The FAA has said that planes will have to take off and land less frequently, so as not to overload the remaining controllers on duty.

Friday, airline trade groups and the country's biggest pilots union sued the FAA to try to stop the furloughs. They predicted that the furloughs would delay or cancel flights for as many as one out of every three airline passengers across the country. Airlines have also directed their customers to tell the FAA to find other ways to cut costs.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/faa-furloughs-kick-flight-delays-appear-000550777--finance.html

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Federal officials ask to interview wife of slain bombing suspect

By Michelle R. Smith, The Associated Press

PROVIDENCE, R.I. ??Federal authorities have asked to speak with the wife of suspected Boston Marathon bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and her lawyer said Sunday he is discussing with them how to proceed.

John Tlumacki / Boston Globe / Getty Images Contributor

Police officers with their guns drawn hear the second explosion down the street. The first explosion knocked down a runner at the finish line of the 117th Boston Marathon.

Amato DeLuca told The Associated Press that Katherine Russell Tsarnaev did not speak to federal officials who came to her parents' home in North Kingstown, R.I., Sunday evening, where she has been staying since her husband was killed during a getaway attempt early Friday.

Tsarnaev, 26, and his brother, Dzhokhar, 19, two ethnic Chechen brothers from southern Russia, are accused of planting two explosives near the marathon finish line Monday, killing three people and injuring more than 180. A motive remains unclear.

DeLuca said he spoke with the officials instead, but would not offer further details.

"I spoke to them, and that's all I can say right now," he said. "We're deciding what we want to do and how we want to approach this."

DeLuca also offered new details on Tamerlan Tsarnaev's movements in the days after the bombings, saying the last day he was alive that "he was home" when his wife left for work. When asked whether anything seemed amiss to his wife following the bombings, DeLuca responded, "Not as far as I know." He said she learned her husband was a suspect in the bombings by seeing it on TV. He would not elaborate.

DeLuca said his client did not suspect her husband of anything, and that there was no reason for her to have suspected him. He said she had been working 70 to 80 hours, seven days a week as a home health care aide. While she was at work, her husband cared for their toddler daughter, DeLuca said.

In the mountainous region of Dagestan, relatives and friends of the suspected Boston bombers are in shock that two of their own may have been responsible for the marathon bombings. NBC's Adrienne Mong reports.

"When this allegedly was going on, she was working, and had been working all week to support her family," he told the AP.

He said Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was off at college and she saw him "not at all" at the apartment they shared with her mother-in-law.

Katherine Russell Tsarnaev was attending Suffolk University in Boston when friends introduced her to her future husband at a nightclub, DeLuca said. They dated on and off, then married in 2009 or 2010, he said.

She was raised Christian, but at some point after meeting Tamerlan Tsarnaev, she converted to Islam, he said. When asked why she converted, he replied: "She believes in the tenets of Islam and of the Koran. She believes in God."

Related:

? 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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Hierarchy of brothers question in marathon bombing

BOSTON (AP) ? Tamerlan Tsarnaev ranted at a neighbor about Islam and the United States. His younger brother, Dzhokhar, relished debating people on religion, "then crushing their beliefs with facts."

The older brother sought individual glory in the boxing ring, while the younger excelled as part of a team. Tamerlan "swaggered" through the family home like a "man of the house type," one visitor recalls, while Dzhokhar seemed "very respectful and very obedient" to his mother.

The brothers, now forever linked in the Boston Marathon bombing tragedy, in some ways seemed as different as siblings could be. But whatever drove them to allegedly set off two pressure-cooker bombs, their uncle is certain Dzhokhar was not the one pulling the strings.

"He's not been understanding anything. He's a 19-year-old boy," Ruslan Tsarni said of his brother's youngest child, who is clinging to life in a Boston hospital after a gun battle with police. "He's been absolutely wasted by his older brother. I mean, he used him. He used him for whatever he's done. For what we see they've done, OK?"

Criminologist James Alan Fox says the uncle's intuition is justified. In cases like this, he says, it is highly unusual for the younger participant ? in this case, a sibling ? to be the leader.

"I would be surprised," says Fox, the Lipman Professor of Criminology, Law and Public Policy at Boston's Northeastern University. "Very surprised."

Whatever their fraternal pecking order, when the bullets began flying in Watertown on Thursday night and 26-year-old Tamerlan went down, his younger brother ran him over ? dragging him for about 30 feet ? before ditching the car and fleeing on foot. After a 24-hour manhunt that shut down most of the Boston metropolitan area, police cornered the gravely wounded Dzhokhar hiding in a boat in a backyard only blocks from where his brother bled out.

Officials said Dzhokhar was in serious condition Saturday, unable to communicate. So, at least for now, investigators and the public are left with only enigma.

The ethnic Chechen family came to this country in 2002, after fleeing troubles in Kyrgyzstan and then Dagestan, a predominantly Muslim republic in Russia's North Caucasus. They settled in a working-class part of Cambridge, where father Anzor Tsarnaev opened an auto shop.

He returned to Dagestan about a year ago.

Luis Vasquez, a youth activist and candidate for the Cambridge City Council, went to high school with Tamerlan and later helped coach Dzhokhar's soccer team at Cambridge Rindge and Latin. With the father gone, Vasquez said the older brother assumed a kind of paternal role, at least where the girls in the family were concerned.

"He was very protective of his (younger) sister, Bella," Vasquez said. "He would keep an eye out, making sure she's good, making sure she's not having a hard time."

Vasquez chalked it up to "his culture" and "what his family expected out of him."

David Mijares, who trained in boxing with Tamerlan in high school and later coached the younger brother in soccer, says his friend opened up about his hardships in Russia. He agreed that Tamerlan felt pressure to be the man of the house.

"He had to be a man at a very early age," says Mijares, who himself considered Tamerlan a mentor. "That would be, in my opinion, a huge reason for who he was, all serious and no nonsense."

That said, Dzhokhar was very much his own man. While he would tag along to Tamerlan's boxing practices, the younger brother was into wrestling.

In one of his tweets, he complained that his mother was trying to arrange a marriage for him, as she'd done for his sisters.

"she needs to (hash)chillout," he tweeted on July 12. "i'll find my own honey."

Tamerlan preceded his brother at the prestigious Cambridge Rindge and Latin High School, which counts celebrities Matt Damon and Ben Affleck among its alumni. But he does not appear to have been a standout student and athlete whose reputation Dzhokhar would have felt pressure to live up to.

"To be perfectly honest, I did not know he HAD an older brother from the start," said classmate Alexandros Stefanakis, who played pickup basketball games and hung out with Dzhokar outside school.

Anne Kilzer of Belmont would go to the Tsarnaev home for regular facials from the boys' mother, Zubeidat. She said the older brother was a "macho guy," whereas Dzhokhar seemed more cerebral.

The few times that Tamerlan was there, he would wave his mother off when she tried to introduce him. "He sort of swaggered through," she said. "Sort of a man-of-the-house type."

In a blog entry, Kilzer's daughter, Alyssa, suggested that the mother became increasingly religious as their acquaintance progressed. For instance, she began wearing a hijab, the traditional Muslim headscarf.

"She started to refuse to see boys that had gone through puberty, as she had consulted a religious figure and he had told her it was sacrilegious," Alyssa Kilzer wrote. "She was often fasting. She told me that she had cried for days when her oldest son, Tamerlan, told her that he wanted to move out, going against her culture's tradition of the son staying in the house with the mother until marriage."

She said the mother also expressed some rather strident views about the U.S. government. But it was difficult to know who was influencing whom in the household.

"During this facial session she started quoting a conspiracy theory, telling me that she thought 9-11 was purposefully created by the American government to make America hate Muslims," Kilzer wrote. "'It's real,' she said. 'My son knows all about it. You can read on the internet.'"

Kilzer didn't say to which son the mother was referring. Kilzer was studying in Scotland and could not immediately be reached.

Tsarni told The Associated Press from his home in Maryland that a deep rift opened between him and his sister-in-law, but that he tried to maintain a relationship with the boys. However, that effort began to fall apart several years ago, he said, when Tamerlan "started carrying all this nonsense associated with religion, with Islamic religion."

When he asked his older nephew why he wasn't in school, he said Tamerlan gave an enigmatic answer. "Oh, I'm in God's business," the young man replied.

Tamerlan would throw out foreign words like "jihad" and "Inshallah" ? Arabic for "God willing" ? without really understanding their meaning, he said. Though Tsarni is himself Muslim, he said he does not worship at a mosque.

The uncle was surprised when he learned that Tamerlan had gotten married to an American woman ? a "good Christian family girl," who his nephew said was about to convert to Islam.

In February, Alexander Podobryaev, who lives a couple of houses from the Tsarnaevs, exchanged pleasantries with Tamerlan as they shoveled snow. He says the man pointed to a woman in a black Muslim headscarf and identified her as his wife.

Others began noticing signs of Tamerlan's increasing agitation.

One of the brothers' neighbors, Albrecht Ammon, said he had a bizarre encounter with Tamerlan in a pizza shop about three months ago. The older brother argued with him about U.S. foreign policy, the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and religion.

He said Tamerlan referred to the Bible as a "cheap copy" of the Quran, and that many of this country's wars "are based upon the Bible ? how it's an excuse to invade other countries."

"He had nothing against the American people," Ammon said. "He had something against the American government."

Dzhokhar, on the other hand, was "real cool," Ammon said. "A chill guy."

While his older brother was railing about religion and world politics, Dzhokhar seemed more interested in the HBO series "Game of Thrones" and other television shows.

"Breaking Bad taught me how to dispose of a corpse," he tweeted on Jan. 16, referring to the popular AMC series about a dying chemistry teacher who turns to cooking methamphetamine to leave a nest egg for his family.

He did tweet about religion, but they were hardly the words of a hard-core zealot.

"This night deserves Hennessy a bad b---- and an o of weed," he wrote on Nov. 17. "the holy trinity"

On Nov. 29, he wrote: "I kind of like religious debates, just hearing what other people believe is interesting and then crushing their beliefs with facts is fun." And on Jan. 15: "I don't argue with fools who say Islam is terrorism it's not worth a thing, let an idiot remain an idiot."

However, he acknowledged in another message around Christmas that the "Brothers at the mosque either think I'm a convert or that I'm from Algeria or Syria."

Fox said it's not unheard of for the younger person in a crime team to be the dominant personality. But he said it's rare.

"In this case, the older brother is the one that seems to have become religious and drawn to Islam," Fox said. "The older brother dropped out of school ... whereas the younger brother, it was all positives."

But, he said, "the age factor is critical here."

Tamerlan was a fairly gifted boxer, but preened about fighting prowess that often fell far short. His younger brother seemed content to be part of a team.

Marvin Salazar was two years older than Dzhokhar when they attended Community Charter Schools of Cambridge, where they played intramural soccer together. He was impressed by the younger boy's smarts and drive, but noted that while Dzhokhar was very fast, he wasn't the kind of kid who needed to showboat and score goals.

"I remember he told me he liked to play midfield," the 21-year-old said. "He's the guy who sets everybody up for the plays. He's one of the most important people."

He was also on his high school wrestling team.

Tamerlan once said he had no American friends. His brother had lots of them, but fellow students at UMass-Dartmouth say he had increasingly taken to hanging out with other Russians.

On March 14, 2012, Dzhokhar tweeted: "a decade in america already, i want out" That same day, he added, "im trying to grow a beard"

Dzhokhar became naturalized last September, federal officials told the AP. His older brother had a green card but may have been thwarted in his quest for U.S. citizenship by an assault charge, his father told The New York Times.

If Tamerlan recorded his thoughts, they have not yet surfaced ? at least publicly. His bother left a trail on the Internet, although in an Aug. 7, 2012 tweet, he called himself a "heavy sleeper and a great liar"

In March, Dzhokhar tweeted: "Evil triumphs when good men do nothing." A week and a half earlier, he reminded his followers, "Never underestimate the rebel with a cause."

The day of the bombing, he wrote: "There are people that know the truth but stay silent & there are people that speak the truth but we don't hear them cuz they're the minority"

Tsarni is confident authorities will find that Tamerlan was his younger brother's "mentor."

"Dzhokhar, of course, was looking up at him," he said.

But their body language the day of the bombings seems to suggest at least a partnership of equals.

In one of the now infamous photos the FBI released to the public in hopes of tips, the older brother has his head down, the visor pulled low over his face as if he's trying to hide. Dzhokhar, by contrast, has his white baseball cap turned backwards, revealing his entire face, his chin is thrust confidently into the air.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/hierarchy-brothers-marathon-bombing-234026329--spt.html

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Wednesday, April 10, 2013

HTC First (AT&T)


The HTC First for AT&T ($99.99 with contract) is not a "Facebook phone," but it's the closest the social juggernaut has come to creating one so far. Will you like it? A lot of that depends on you.

Do you like Facebook? Of course you do. What I mean is: Do you like like it? Do you scroll through status updates before you get out of bed in the morning to find out what everyone did the night before? Do you use it to publicly keep track of your 3.19 mile morning run before posting a photo of the latte art on your first coffee of the day? Do you spend most of your day chatting on Facebook Messenger, because who needs text messages or emails anyway? And did you see that photo you just got tagged in? The one where you had a piece of kale salad stuck between your two front teeth? What was your friend thinking?

If you spend that much time on Facebook, then yes, you'll probably like the HTC First. It puts Facebook front and center, in a way that makes it easier to stay connected than ever before. But Facebook Home isn't perfect, and the HTC First is only an average phone otherwise. It doesn't have a state-of-the-art processor to compete with the current crop of next-generation smartphones, and it lacks simpler details, too, like a microSD card slot. And the underlying version of Android is stock without modifications, which means you miss out many of the helpful customizations you'll get on other Android phones from HTC or Samsung.

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Design and Battery Life
HTC makes beautiful phones, and the First is a lovely new addition to its portfolio. It has a unibody design that's made of soft-touch plastic that gives the phone a real premium, grippy feel. The phone comes in some fun colors, too. You can get it in pale blue, red, or white. I reviewed the black model, which looks a lot more generic than the other options, but no less sleek. What I'd really like to know, though, is where is the Facebook-blue model? I'm guessing Facebook didn't want to lend its recognizable hue to the phone, lest it be considered an official piece of Facebook hardware. But there is a faint Facebook logo on the back of the phone, sandwiched between HTC and AT&T logos, which lends it an air of officialism. This may not be a Facebook phone, but it's Facebook-approved.

Color aside, the rest of the phone is attractive too. The corners are rounded, which makes for a very comfortable fit in your palm. The 4.3-inch display has curved edges that blend seamlessly into the design. It's a lot smaller than most of the 5 inchers we're seeing lately, and the 720p screen resolution is a step down from the 1080p trend. That said, it still looks great. The display offers an ultra-sharp 341 pixels per inch, and text, videos, and images all look very crisp. It's actually quite comparable to the iPhone 5, which still has one of the best displays in the business. And at 4.96 by 2.56 by 0.35 inches (HWD) and 4.37 ounces, the First feels much more natural to hold than the huge HTC One?or the upcoming Samsung Galaxy S4.

The phone's only physical controls are a Power button on top and two Volume buttons on the left. There's a hidden SIM card slot on the right, but other than that, the body is fully sealed. Unfortunately, that means you don't get a microSD card slot, and the 2,000mAh battery isn't removable. It was good for a solid 12 hours and 30 minutes of talk time, but it won't last as long as that if you spend all day on Facebook. With the screen brightness set to maximum, I was able to stream a video over LTE for 6 hours and 53 minutes before the battery called it quits, which is also quite good.

Network and Call Quality
The First is a quad-band EDGE (850/900/1800/1900 MHz), tri-band HSPA+ (850/1900/2100 MHz) device with 4G LTE. You can also use the handset as a mobile hotspot to share that data with up to 8 connected devices with the appropriate plan. The phone supports 802.11 a/b/g/n Wi-Fi over 2.4GHz, but not the faster 5GHz band.

Reception is strong, and voice performance is solid. You can turn up the volume quite loud in the phone's earpiece. Voices sound clear, rich, and full, but at the highest volume calls you can hear a bit of fuzz in the background. Calls made with the phone sound clear and natural, but mediocre noise cancellation means your voice can get swallowed up if you're calling from a particularly noisy place. The speakerphone sounds a little fuzzy, but is definitely loud enough to hear in your car, if not outside. And the First had no trouble connecting to my Jawbone Era Bluetooth headset and making calls with the Standard Android voice dialer.

(Next page: Facebook Home)

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Stocks trading flat as investors eye Europe?

Stocks struggled to hold their gains in narrow range trading Tuesday, as investors digested encouraging economic data from China and Europe against expectations for modest earnings growth.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average toggled in and out of negative territory. Intel led the blue-chip gainers, while Procter & Gamble lagged.

The S&P 500 and the Nasdaq held small gains. The CBOE Volatility Index (VIX), widely considered the best gauge of fear in the market, traded near 13.

Among key S&P sectors, materials gained, while consumer discretionary traded in the red.

Alcoa edged higher after the aluminum producer reported an increase in quarterly profit as performance in its alumina and primary metals segments improved despite a tough market. Revenue, however, fell slightly short of estimates. Still Alcoa CEO Klaus Kleinfeld told CNBC that he remains "relatively optimistic" that 2013 will be better than 2012 and continues to project 7 percent global demand growth in aluminum.

Alcoa unofficially kicks off this quarter's earnings season, which is expected to be fairly weak.

(Read More: Earnings Season Could Bring 'April Anxiety')

For the first quarter, earnings growth is expected to gain by just 1.6 percent, compared to 6.2 percent last quarter, according to Thomson Reuters. The negative warnings are higher than usual?with 108 negative revisions for S&P 500 companies. Compared to the 23 positive revisions, it is the worst pace in 12 years, according to Thomson Reuters data.

Banking giants JPMorgan and Wells Fargo are slated to post earnings on Friday.

(Read More: Earnings Season Arrives as Data Flash Warning Signs)

Herbalife shares were temporarily halted amid news that KPMG resigned as auditor for the nutrition, weight management and skin-care products company, according to the New York Times.

Meanwhile, Skechers shares were also halted. KPMG also has been the auditor for the footwear retailer.

(Read More: Once Shunned, Funds Now Ally With Activist Investors)

JCPenney slumped to lead the S&P 500 laggards after the company said former CEO Myron Ullman will return as the retailer's chief after Ron Johnson was ousted by the board. Ullman will an annual base salary of $1 million.

Disney slipped slightly as the conglomerate readies to lay off 150 people this week, according to sources close to the situation. The job cuts will be predominately in home entertainment, as the company adjusts to industry-wide declines in DVD sales.

On the economic front, wholesale inventories slipped by 0.3 percent to a seasonally adjusted $501.36 billion in February, according to the Commerce Department. Economists polled by Reuters expected a gain of 0.5 percent, versus January's 1.2 percent increase. The change in February inventories is the biggest decline since September 2011.

In Europe, industrial production in the U.K. rose by more than expected in February, diminishing the risk the economy slipped back into recession in the first quarter of 2013.

(Read More: In Effort to 'Rebalance,' Europe Sticks to Austerity)

Meanwhile, U.S. Treasury Secretary Jack Lew pushed for a growth rather than an austerity agenda during the first day of his two-day visit to Europe. Speaking in Brussels, Lew said that the U.S. had an "immense stake in Europe's health and stability" and called on Europe to boost demand.

China's annual consumer inflation eased to 2.1 percent in March from February's 3.2 percent while producer price deflation deepened, data showed on Tuesday, leaving policymakers room to keep monetary conditions easy and nurture a nascent recovery.

Traders will be looking out for clues about the future of quantitative easingthis week, with the Federal Reserve set to release minutes from its last meeting on Wednesday.There are also several appearances by Fed officials this week, including anti-inflation hawk Jeffrey Lacker and Atlanta Federal Reserve President Dennis Lockhart on Tuesday.

(Read More: Pimco's Bill Gross: Beware of 'Monetary Red Bull')

U.S. Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke spoke overnight on Monday at an Atlanta Fed conference. In a speech that did not directly touch on monetary policy, Bernanke hinted at why the central bank continues to pursue ultra-easy monetary policy.

"The economy is significantly stronger than it was four years ago, although conditions are clearly still far from where we would all like them to be," he said.

Meanwhile, St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President James Bullard told CNBC that he'd be willing to reduce the central bank's massive bond-buying program in "small increments."

In the bond markets, the Treasury will sell $32 billion in three-year notes with the results available shortly after 1pm ET.

The National Federation of Independent Business reported that business confidence fell again in March, with its index dropping 1.3 points to 89.5 despite anticipation that the measure would rise.

?By CNBC's JeeYeon Park (Follow JeeYeon on Twitter: @JeeYeonParkCNBC)

? 2013 CNBC LLC. All Rights Reserved

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Starving Baby Sea Lions Flood Southern California Shores

More and more starving sea lions are being found stranded on California shores, and animal rehabilitation centers are at their maximum capacity. Experts say there are fewer fish for these mammals to feed on, but they don't know why.

Gloria Hillard/NPR

More and more starving sea lions are being found stranded on California shores, and animal rehabilitation centers are at their maximum capacity. Experts say there are fewer fish for these mammals to feed on, but they don't know why.

Gloria Hillard/NPR

In recent months, more than 1,000 starving baby sea lions have been found on Southern California beaches, from Santa Barbara to San Diego. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has just declared the crisis an "unusual mortality event."

On a recent early morning, Peter Wallerstein is on the job on a beach near Marina del Rey, Calif. His white truck is a familiar sight along this coastline. Next to him, a small blond dog named Pumpkin rides shotgun.

Wallerstein, the Marine Animal Rescue director for Friends of Animals, gets a call. A woman tells him she spotted a sea lion at the Fisherman's Wharf at Cabrillo. "He's just laying there; he doesn't look good," she says.

Peter Wallerstein uses a large fishing net to grab a sea lion pup that was stranded on a nearby dock.

Gloria Hillard/NPR

Peter Wallerstein uses a large fishing net to grab a sea lion pup that was stranded on a nearby dock.

Gloria Hillard/NPR

The phone rings every five minutes, and it's always about the same thing.

There's another call. This time, it's a man telling Wallerstein that there's a sea mammal that looks hurt.

More Pups On Shores

Since the beginning of the year, Wallerstein has picked up more than 300 sick and dying California sea lion pups. In 27 years of doing this work, he says, he's never seen anything like it.

"We wonder why there's no fish in the water, why the pups were born at such a low body weight. So they started out weak and cold and hungry, and it hasn't got any better when they're already weaned by mom and trying to find food, and they're not finding it," Wallerstein explains.

For two days, a baby sea lion has been stranded on a nearby dock. The people who made the call are relieved to see Wallerstein.

He gently places a large fishing net over the pup. Normally, there would be some resistance, but this baby sea lion hardly moves. Wallerstein is asked the same question he hears more than a dozen times a day: "Will it be OK?"

"I'm going to do the best I can for her," he says.

His next stop is a crowded pier. After navigating a rock wall, Wallerstein carries another weak pup back to his truck and gently transfers it to a dog crate.

'Broader Concerns'

"To date [since Jan. 1], we're at 1,100 California sea lion admits to rehabilitation, and the historical average for the same time period is about 130," says Sarah Wilkin, a marine biologist with the National Marine Fisheries Service.

She says the main theory scientists are investigating is that the prey ? the smaller fish these animals feed on ? are just not available. The mystery is why.

? It breaks my heart to see these little skinny pups being left here. And you could see they don't want to go into the water, they want to come back to the beach. I don't think they're going to make it on their own.

"These sea lions might be our sentinel that tells us something else is going on that's going to be affecting other fish, that's going to be affecting sharks, that could have much broader concerns throughout the ocean," Wilkins says.

Sick Pups' Fate

It's late afternoon. There are six baby sea lions in the back of Wallerstein's truck. In recent weeks, marine mammal centers that have been rehabilitating the pups have reached maximum capacity.

He takes a deep breath and makes the call.

The center can only take the two most critical baby sea lions. So Wallerstein drives the others to a more secluded beach where he hopes they won't be bothered by people.

"It breaks my heart to see these little skinny pups being left here. And you could see they don't want to go into the water, they want to come back to the beach," Wallerstein says. "I don't think they're going to make it on their own."

From the shore, people cheer when the young sea lions move toward the cold waves. But within minutes, the weakened pups come back, trying to find warmth on the sand.

Source: http://www.npr.org/2013/04/09/176586940/starving-baby-sea-lions-flood-southern-california-shores?ft=1&f=1007

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Sunday, April 7, 2013

How Sound Affects You: Making Binaural Beats - Music Education ...

There are many frequencies that are important to Sound Healers and Neurological Researchers. Some are found in nature like the ?Schumann Resonance? which is the vibrating frequency of our Earth or specific frequencies that have been found to heal certain ailments in our bodies. If you Google, ?Brainwave Entrainment?, you will come across a myriad of websites devoted to reprogramming the brain by listening to Binaural Beats. These audio tracks are designed to access our different brainwave patterns and mental states like Alpha, Beta, Theta and Delta. I was surprised to find so many online businesses cropping up offering Binaural Beats, some with new techniques and cutting edge science. Neuroscientists, psychologists, self-help gurus and healers are combining forces to change our perception of healing and to find balance in our lives through this cutting edge field of sound.?

Pic. 1 ? Brainwave Image.

The process of Brainwave Entrainment involves introducing different frequencies through the ears to change a person?s brainwaves, and therefore, their mental state. The result of introducing specific frequencies with the intent of changing a person?s brainwave pattern is increased intelligence, focused, reduced stress and increased creativity. Our brain?s neurons continuously fire electrical impulses to communicate with one another in pulses or wavelike patterns. Scientists have measured these impulses to come up with the following mental states while also linking them to our behaviors.

Brainwave States

There are four main brainwave frequency ranges who determine our mental state. They are all below 30 Hz and out of our normal range of hearing. We all need a balance of these brainwave states for optimal health.

  • Beta (14 ? 30 Hz) ? This is our awake and active state of awareness. In Beta state, we have lots of energy as we get things done and are in our peak concentration mode. If we stay in this mode too much, it can be very stressful to our minds and bodies.?
  • Alpha (8 ? 14 Hz) This is our awake but relaxed state of awareness. In this state we can figure out creative solutions to problems. Our mind is clear and able focus on a goal. When we watch top performing athletes, chess players or jazz musicians, they are drawing from their alpha state of awareness.
  • Theta (4 ? 8 Hz) This state is associated with imagining and dreaming during sleep as well as imagining and daydreaming during the day. Our memories and things we learn are stored and retrieved from our subconscious mind in this state.?
  • Delta (0.5 ? 4 Hz) This state is associated with deep sleep. Our minds and bodies are getting the rest and rejuvenation we require before the new day begins.

Making a Binaural Beat in Pro Tools Using the Signal Generator

Now, that you have a little background on the subject, let?s make a Binaural Beat in ProTools using the Signal Generator. Reference the screenshot below to make sure you are doing it right. In the example, I am making a Binaural Beat in the Theta range of 6 Hz. Since this frequency is out of our range of hearing, we have to choose two frequencies in our hearing range 6 Hz apart so when they are played together, the difference between them create the desired brainwave frequency. It?s best to use two frequencies below 1000 Hz because the oscillation is slower and it?s easier to hear since the pulse is lower in pitch.?

Pic. 2 ? Setting Up Binaural Beat in Pro Tools.

Here?s what you do:

  1. Create two Mono Audio Tracks.
  2. Pan them hard left and hard right.
  3. Make a selection on the first track on the timeline before launching Signal Generator. You can choose how long you want the Signal to be.
  4. Go to AudioSuite > Other > Signal Generator
  5. In the Signal Generator, choose the Frequency, which in this example is 150 Hz. Then set the desired level and the type of signal or waveform. Sine waves work best because they are very smooth and easy to listen to. Feel free to experiment with the others as well but keep in mind that if you are listening to a continuous tone for several minutes, it should not be irritating in the slightest way. Then hit ?Process? and the waveform will appear within the timeline selection.

Repeat Step 5 again on the second audio track. This time, I set the Frequency to 156 Hz, so that the difference between the two signals is 6 Hz, our desired Theta frequency. Keep the level and waveform the same.

Listen to the example I?ve provided with headphones on to hear the result.?

Pic. 3 ? Final Binaural Beat in ProTools.

When I zoom in the waveform, pictured below, you can see that the sine waves are slightly offset from each other, creating the continuous pulsating sound that you are hearing. Your brain is processing this information and entraining to the 6 Hz frequency, signaling your brain to drop into the Theta state.?

Pic 4. ? Close-up Of Waveforms in ProTools.

Listening to a Binaural beat is an excellent way to help ease into a meditation session or calm down after a long stressful day. If you are interested in making meditative music for yourself or others, try layering in nature sounds or drones. The Binaural Beat will still be effective, even if you layer music or nature ambience in with it. You can hear what other composers are doing by listening to examples of other meditative music releases that incorporate Binaural Beats. Sounds True is great resource for this new sonic medicine.

References and links for further investigation:

Source: http://www.macprovideo.com/hub/music-education/how-sound-affects-you-making-binaural-beats?utm_source=hubrss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=how-sound-affects-you-making-binaural-beats

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California prisons still too crowded, judge rules

By Sharon Bernstein

LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - A federal judge has rebuffed California Governor Jerry Brown's effort to undo a court order requiring the state to reduce its prison population, saying he did not trust officials to improve conditions for inmates.

Brown, a Democrat, is under political pressure to scale back a program under which state prisoners are sent to local jurisdictions to ease crowding. That move has led to the early release of thousands of non-violent offenders from lower-level county jails as municipalities struggle to make room for them.

California has been under court orders to reduce population in the 33-prison system since 2009, when a panel of federal judges ordered it to relieve the overcrowding that has caused inadequate medical and mental health care.

California must reduce its prison population to 137.5 percent of capacity by June 27. The Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation reported 119,213 inmates on January 2, just under 150 percent of capacity.

In January, Brown asked U.S. District Court Judge Lawrence Karlton to vacate its order to further lower its prison population, saying that California had fixed its overcrowding problem and further releases of prisoners would harm public safety.

"In the years since the court issued the current population cap order, the state has dramatically reduced the prison population, significantly increased capacity through construction, and implemented a myriad of improvements that transformed the medical and mental health care systems," the Brown administration said in court filings.

On Friday, Karlton, whose court is in Sacramento, wrote in a 68-page opinion that the state had not met the goals set by the court order. He expressed skepticism that California, if released from the oversight of the court, would follow through on promises to improve conditions.

"Based on defendants' conduct to date, the court cannot rely on their averments of good faith," Karlton wrote.

He also criticized the administration for failing to provide adequate mental health supports for inmates, citing "systemic failures" in suicide prevention and other care for mentally ill inmates.

(Editing by Cynthia Johnston and Lisa Shumaker)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/california-prisons-still-too-crowded-judge-rules-012006198.html

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98% 56 Up

All Critics (55) | Top Critics (22) | Fresh (54) | Rotten (1)

Yes, on some level it's just a seven-year check-in with people maybe half-remembered, if that. Yet the films also serve as a kind of check-in with us, too.

What ultimately is so compelling about 56 Up is the universality of the experiences. We were all once children. And we all will die. And in between, there is everything else.

We feel good, refreshed and depressed in watching these people get older, also embarrassed in moments and cautioned about the passage of time.

Apted, himself now in his early 70s, says he hopes to continue the series further. Long may it live.

Watching "56 Up" gives you the wonderful feeling of seeing a sociological experiment blossom into something novelistically rich and humane.

Time has been neither kind nor cruel to the 13 men and women profiled in "56 UP." It has just been time, which is what this groundbreaking series is about.

Chances are that you'll come away from this long film feeling a sense of knowing its characters.

We might say that '56 Up' serves much the same function as 'Amour,' but it responds to the inevitability of decline with compassion, not dread.

What started as a crafty way of looking at the U.K.'s rigid class structure has grown into a portrait of melancholy middle age, with its heartbreaks and minor-key triumphs.

Those British kids are now 56

Watching the eighth film is intriguing but, in a way, disappointing. At this point in the game, it feels as if all the characters have determined their lots in life and are simply plodding through their interviews.

Quite simply one of the great documentary projects in the history of cinema, an engrossing sociological experiment on film; and though this mostly mellow installment isn't as revelatory as some earlier ones, it's still a remarkable document.

... feels like a retrospective and summation of the whole series, with ample quotation from the previous films, an approach that makes it interesting even for viewers who haven't seen the previous installments.

A completely unique and remarkable documentary project.

Apted skillfully weaves old footage with the new, and we become poignantly aware of another factor shaping their lives (and our own): biology, as the we watch the once-cute kids grow gray and heavy.

Perhaps the boldest and probably longest running sociological experiment on film.

I think the best thing about this movie (and the entire series) is that it forces the viewer to think about their own lives. It's kind of an awakening experience.

Once again, Apted assembles a captivating documentary that's profoundly educational, essential viewing to aid the understanding of the human experience.

"56 Up" is well worth seeing.

56 Up is still moving and philosophic, though not as exciting as earlier episodes, which had more drama.

No quotes approved yet for 56 Up. Logged in users can submit quotes.

Source: http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/56_up/

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Friday, April 5, 2013

'7lbs in 7 Days' ? Super Juice Detox Diet DVD | Fitness Through ...

It would be a shame if you did not bulk up when these other normal people accomplish it so easily with Cosmos Fat Loss (search for it? on google).

Guys, burn fat does not need to be hard (I used to feel it did). I?ll give you some advice right now. Look for a diet plan called Proladox Diet Plan (google it). Seriously, that diet plan has changed my life.? I probably should not even be talking about it because I do not want a bunch of other folks out there running the same ?game? but whatever, I am just in a great mood today so I will share the wealth haha.

What Brand juicer? are you using here?
Thanks.

what kind of juicer is that???

Hey There! Thank you? for this useful video. By the way, I notice lots of people keep on talking about ?Mobotandiet Secrets? (do a search on google), but I?m not sure if it is really good. Have you ever tried ?Mobotandiet Secrets?? I?ve heard several great things about it and my sister lost crazy amounts of weight with it, but she refuses to tell me: (

Alright? dude. Bust a nut already

This still surprises me, how many people have no idea about Proladox Diet Plan (google it), although lots of people get great results with it. Thanks to my work buddy who told me about Proladox Diet Plan, I?ve lost lots of weight by? using it without starving myself.

Just made this and it was SOOOOOOO GOOD!!!!!!!!? My family loved it!!!!!!

Anyone tried the Proladox Diet Plan (do a google search)? I?ve heard? several extraordinary things about it and my cooworker lost a lot of weight with it.

When it comes to eating healthy, you must never fall victim to modern day fad diet plans. Extreme diet plans are a danger for your health, especially ones that seriously restrict your everyday nutritionary intake. Many of these fad diet plans work for a short period of time and then the benefits decrease? after a while. You should check out Proladox Diet Plan on the internet as it is not just another fad diet where you starve yourself.

hes? cute :)

My coworkers laughed when I told them I would burn fat with Zippy Fat Loss, but then they saw the results. Go and google Zippy? Fat Loss to see their reaction. (You should see their faces!)

I? kinda want to try it

he is full of? beans. He is so exited about it so i have to try it

I just made this and? dank!

GOD gave us all food that is ready to eat!!! ? you have to take all fresh!!
WE all just need the? food not modified?

Listen to your heart! .. how many a? day? as many as you want !!!

Can someone tell me how many i should drink a? day

@kelly0943 Just discovered the Simplest and Most Powerful
NATURAL Detox Strategies?? check this ===> bit.ly/YrgTBy?=nbdksf

If you? seriously want to melt fat, you should google Fat Blast Furnace. They can guide you and help you get the body you deserve.

how often? do i drink it daily

Sherbert lemonade it is.? Yum! Tastes nice with Pink Lady apples too.

Have you tried Atomic Fat Loss? (Go google it) It is a quick and easy way for? you to burn calories fast.

@miragoey What? was the system you used to lose weight? is it this one? /watch?v=7XM7YGqOia0 ?

I just made this?? IT WAS AWESOME!!!?

I just had a? hemorrhage

I just? lost 7 Ibs in a week. I ate salads everyday, Snacked on carrot stick and cucumber, drank lots of water. I can?t believe how easy it was to drop weight.

RAW JUICE!! FUCK? DOCTORS AND DRUG COMPANIES!!

Pretty awesome and where do i get an extractor? like that ?

He?s on? crack :D

you can tell it tastes amazing by how enthusiastic he is.? when my juicer arrives, i?m never leaving the kitchen.

i rannnn? out and bought one

He? said he used to smoke 40-60 cigarettes a day and that?s the result since it kills your good cells and makes people look older.

Source: http://juicefasting.fitnessthroughfasting.com/detoxing/7lbs-in-7-days-super-juice-detox-diet-dvd.php

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Deal of the Day: 52% off BodyGuardz UltraTough Clear Full Body for iPhone 5

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These protectors are made from the same material used to shield the front of vehicles from rock chips and provides your iPhone 5 with unmatched scratch protection from outside elements. They are tough, durable and are easy to install and remove. Includes 2 complete sets.

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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/hej_3FM4Oro/story01.htm

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Trade emerging as a key driver of Brazilian deforestation

Apr. 4, 2013 ? A new study published online April 4th in the journal Environmental Research Letters finds that trade and global consumption of Brazilian beef and soybeans is increasingly driving Brazilian deforestation. Consequently, current international efforts to protect rainforests (e.g., REDD) may be undermined by the increased trade and consumption.

By estimating CO2 emissions from deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon from 1990 to 2010, and connecting the emissions to the most important direct drivers of Brazilian deforestation, i.e. cultivation of soybeans and grazing of cattle, the study allocates the emissions to countries based on domestic consumption and international trade of Brazilian soybeans and beef.

"With a consumption perspective, the share of responsibility for deforestation is divided among the global consumers. What, in one perspective is Brazil's problem, is now a global problem" said lead author Jonas Karstensen of the Center for International Climate and Environmental Research -- Oslo (CICERO), a climate research institute in Norway.

According to the study, 2.7 billion tonnes of CO2, or 30% of the carbon emissions associated with deforestation in the last decade, was exported from Brazil. Of this, 29% were due to soybean production and 71% were due to cattle ranching.

Brazilian consumption is responsible for the largest share of emissions from its own deforestation: on average over the two decades, 85% of the emissions embodied in Brazilian beef products and 50% of those in Brazilian soybean products have been driven by Brazilian consumption.

"Particularly in the last decade, greater imports by emerging markets and industrialized countries have led to an increasing share of exported emissions from Brazil" said Karstensen. "Consequently, in recent years more of Brazil's deforestation is allocated to foreign regions."

Russia has recently increased its share from very low levels to becoming the world's largest importer of emissions embodied in Brazilian beef in 2010, with 15% of total exported beef. China's share of emissions linked to soybeans has increased from 7% of total production emissions in 2000 to 22% in 2010, equivalent to about 41% of the emissions embodied in exported soybeans in 2010.

"According to our estimates, Asia, mainly due to China and Russia, now consumes more Brazilian soybeans and beef than the European market" said co-author Glen Peters of CICERO.

Consumption of Brazilian soybeans and beef by countries who are already seeking to protect Brazilian forests (e.g., via REDD), is driving demand and therefore indirectly increasing the deforestation they are seeking to prevent.

"Countries are putting more and more pressure on the Brazilian Amazon by consuming agricultural products, and by doing this they are undermining their efforts to protect the same forest" said Karstensen.

Both total Brazilian agriculture production and export shares have generally been increasing while deforestation rates have seen a dramatic decrease over recent years.

"With increasing global pressure on Brazilian agriculture to increase production and changes to the Brazilian Forest Code, it seems unlikely that Brazilian deforestation rates will continue to decrease at the current rate without strengthening measures to protect the forests" said co-author Robbie Andrew.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research (CICERO).

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Jonas Karstensen, Glen P Peters, Robbie M Andrew. Attribution of CO2emissions from Brazilian deforestation to consumers between 1990 and 2010. Environmental Research Letters, 2013; 8 (2): 024005 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024005

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/MOmF5Cf1_EY/130404135215.htm

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Thursday, April 4, 2013

Plantar Fasciitis and also Operating Boots and shoes

Plantar fasciitis arises should your plantar fascia, a long distinct tissue this expands from your your rear heel spot with the underside of the base, final results in having inflammed by overuse.

This plantar fascia can be scarred, damaged, or ruptured absolutely in case your dilemma final results in feeling escalated. Plantar fasciitis network marketing leads to help you great ache within the your again heel spot when probably not really looked after appropriately.

Runners, specially runners using ripped or overpronated paws, will likely come across this matter certain times inside their operating occupations. When warm up this inflammed tissue can easily provide countless support, this great distance that most runners often sign invests an large level of worry around the plantar fascia, and this challenge will be extremely difficult for you to help remedy. Plantar fasciitis will probably be design by means of blemishes in your operating pace then may cause this tissue for having anxious extremely.

The top treatment with this your rear heel ache will most likely be finding operating boots and shoes that be a great aid in order to stability this pressures in your paws. As a great illustration, runners utilizing ripped paws usually come across this matter. By way of picking out operating boots and shoes using exaggerated arches, this runners' paws are elevated with a much more herbal operating job that will assist send this worry with the paws much more consistently.


Boots and shoes this include included aid throughout the your back again heel can possibly be useful. This plantar fascia usually outcomes in becoming infected every single time a runner attacks this floor using lots of push focused throughout the your spinal heel. By way of marginally raising this your rear heel and also which allows this included support, this push may be shipped in order to the center of this base, in lieu of exclusively this your back again heel. By the center of this base, this force in that case radiates outwards to be able to supply this runner trying right stability.

Mainly because plantar fasciitis will most likely certainly be a great typical operating dilemma, quite a few fitness boot producers possess made operating boots and shoes specially to help support you runners with this specific dilemma. As a good illustration, the modern Stability 1224 supplies great aid for you to be able to flat-footed runners. This Saucony Progrid Stabil as well includes exceptional mid-foot ( arch ) and also your back heel encourages, and the Brooks Beas sells this energy in your paws appropriately. As a ultimate point, this Asics Kayano can possibly be recommended by way of many runners seeing that among the best approaches to help you ease your returning heel ache.

Source: http://www.artipot.com/articles/1547973/plantar-fasciitis-and-also-operating-boots-and-shoes.htm

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Wednesday, April 3, 2013

'Transformers 4' takes shape with help from China

LOS ANGELES (AP) ? Michael Bay's "Transformers" robots are shaping up again with an assist from China.

Paramount Pictures announced a deal Tuesday with China Movie Channel and Jiaflix Enterprises to help on the production of "Transformers 4," the next installment in the director's blockbuster franchise.

According to the agreement, China Movie Channel, which is overseen by the Chinese government, will help select filming sites in China, and with theatrical promotion and possibly post-production work there.

It also will work with the filmmakers on casting Chinese actors in the movie, which stars Mark Wahlberg and is due out in June 2014.

Jiaflix, headed by former Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences president Sid Ganis, brokered the deal. The company exports Chinese films to overseas markets and promotes production and distribution of films in China.

Bay's 2011 smash "Transformers: Dark of the Moon" took in $1.1 billion worldwide, including $165 million in China.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/transformers-4-takes-shape-help-china-185352796.html

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New Jersey boardwalks will return by summer

Most New Jersey boardwalks damaged or destroyed by Superstorm Sandy will be rebuilt by Memorial Day weekend.

An Associated Press survey of shore communities that bore the brunt of Sandy found only three where portions of boardwalk are not expected to be open by the traditional start of the summer season.

Seaside Heights expects the main section of its boardwalk to be rebuilt by the holiday, with the rest complete by mid-June.

Sea Girt says a three-block stretch of its 3/4 mile boardwalk won't be finished by Memorial Day. But the town says that work should be done by June 1.

A mile-long stretch of old boardwalk on the southern end of Long Branch won't be rebuilt this year. But a newer boardwalk and paved promenade that had minimal damage are already open.

Shore officials are eager to assure a successful tourist season, even if it means making only temporary fixes now, as in Asbury Park. That city's commerce director, Tom Gilmour, said officials were adamant about having the entire boardwalk open the Saturday before Memorial Day weekend to show "we are back and ready."

Here is where boardwalk projects stand, based on interviews with officials in each town:

___

ASBURY PARK: A fourth of the one-mile boardwalk was damaged, but the city was able to salvage materials to make both permanent and temporary fixes, with the goal of opening the entire boardwalk May 18. Permanent fixes to parts of the boardwalk near Convention Hall will be made in the fall. Total costs are projected at close to $3 million. For financial and environmental reasons, a tropical rain forest wood called ipe (pronounced EE'-pay) will be replaced with yellow pine.

AVON: About 80 percent of the 6/10-of-a-mile boardwalk was destroyed. It is being rebuilt with ipe, despite protests by environmentalists, with a target completion date of May 15. Costs are estimated at about $2 million.

BELMAR: The borough has raised more than $500,000 in public donations through its "Buy a Board" campaign. But that is just a fraction of the estimated $10 million it cost to build a new 1.3-mile boardwalk. A ribbon-cutting is expected in mid-May. The new boardwalk is being built of Trex, a composite of wood and recycled plastic.

BRADLEY BEACH: A nearly mile-long paved walkway escaped severe damage but a 650-foot wooden boardwalk was destroyed. The boardwalk will be replaced by concrete; township officials are shooting to have it built by Memorial Day at a cost of more than $2 million.

LAVALLETTE: Three-fourths of the more than one-mile boardwalk was damaged in Sandy and the town is about halfway done with repairs. A "Buy a Board" program has netted more than $180,000 from 720 boards but all 10,600 are up for grabs. Total cost will run $1.3 million and expected completion is May 20.

LONG BRANCH: A mile-long stretch of an old boardwalk on the southern end that was destroyed will not be rebuilt this year; township officials are waiting to see how much federal aid they can get for the project. North of that, a one-mile section of newer boardwalk and a paved promenade are open. The borough has closed off one lane of Ocean Avenue to traffic, making it for pedestrians only, to compensate for the loss of boardwalk.

MANASQUAN: Work on Manasquan's mile-long blacktop beach walk is scheduled for completion by April 19. One-third of the blacktop was broken up and washed away. Total cost of repairs is estimated at just under $500,000.

POINT PLEASANT: About half its nearly one-mile boardwalk was damaged. Reconstruction on an 800-foot-stretch includes fixes to damage from both Tropical Storm Irene and Sandy. The total cost of repairs is estimated to be nearly $2 million. The borough is on schedule to complete repairs by May 23.

SEA GIRT: Reconstruction on the 3/4-mile boardwalk is under way in two phases with some completion expected in May. A three-block span of the northern end of the boardwalk should be open no later than June 1. The borough will use the same Trex material it had before. It was able to salvage the concrete bases of 20 of 133 benches that will be rebuilt and placed on the new boardwalk. Total cost of boardwalk reconstruction is estimated at about $1 million.

SEASIDE HEIGHTS: The entire mile-long boardwalk was destroyed by Sandy, including Casino Pier, resulting in the JetStar rollercoaster being dumped into the ocean. The borough is about one-third of the way through repairs. It is on track to have the main thoroughfare up and running by Memorial Day with completion set for June 15. The borough's $8 million in reconstruction expenses, which does not include cleanup and repairs to Casino Pier, meant a hike in daily adult beach fees from $5 to $6 for the first time in years.

SPRING LAKE: The two-mile boardwalk was destroyed; half has already been rebuilt. But a delay in deliveries of materials, including lumber, put some work on hold. Borough officials still intend to have the entire boardwalk done by Memorial Day. Total cost of reconstruction is estimated at $4 million.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ap-survey-most-nj-boardwalks-rebuilt-soon-193957463.html

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Total buzz kill: Metals in flowers may play role in bumblebee decline

Apr. 2, 2013 ? Beekeepers and researchers nationally are reporting growing evidence that a powerful new class of pesticides may be killing off bumblebees. Now, research at the University of Pittsburgh points toward another potential cause: metal pollution from aluminum and nickel.

Published in the journal Environmental Pollution, the Pitt study finds that bumblebees are at risk of ingesting toxic amounts of metals like aluminum and nickel found in flowers growing in soil that has been contaminated by exhaust from vehicles, industrial machinery, and farming equipment. The Pitt study finds that bumblebees have the ability to taste -- and later ignore -- certain metals such as nickel, but can do so only after they visit a contaminated flower. Therefore, the insects are exposed to toxins before they even sense the presence of metals.

"Although many metals are required by living organisms in small amounts, they can be toxic to both plants and animals when found in moderate to high concentrations," said Tia-Lynn Ashman, principal investigator of the study and professor and associate chair in Pitt's Department of Biological Sciences in the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences. "Beyond leading to mortality, these metals can interfere with insect taste perception, agility, and working memory -- all necessary attributes for busy bumblebee workers."

Ashman and George Meindl, coauthor of the study and a PhD candidate in Ashman's lab, studied bumblebee behavior using the Impatiens capensis, a North American flower that blooms in summer. Its flowers are large, producing a high volume of sugar-rich nectar each day -- an ideal place for bumblebees to forage. The blooms were collected from the field each morning of the two-week study and were of a similar age, color, and size.

To determine whether nickel and aluminum in the flowers' nectar influenced bumblebee behavior, Ashman and Meindl used two groups of uncontaminated flowers, one group of flowers contaminated by nickel, and another contaminated by aluminum. When a bumblebee visited a flower in an array, the entire visitation was recorded as well as the time spent (in seconds) foraging on each individual flower. This included monitoring whether the bee moved from a contaminated to a noncontaminated flower, whether the bee moved to the same group it had just sampled, or whether the bee left the flower group without visiting other individual blooms. Following each observed visit, all flowers in the array were replaced with new flowers, to ensure accurate results.

"We found that the bees still visited those flowers contaminated by metal, indicating that they can't detect metal from afar," said Ashman. "However, once bumblebees arrive at flowers and sample the nectar, they are able to discriminate against certain metals."

In the study, the bees were able to taste, discriminate against, and leave flowers containing nickel. However, this was not the case for the aluminum-treated flowers, as the bees foraged on the contaminated flowers for time periods equal to those of the noncontaminated flowers.

"It's unclear why the bees didn't sense the aluminum," said Meindl. "However, past studies show that the concentrations of aluminum found throughout blooms tend to be higher than concentrations of nickel. This suggests that the bees may be more tolerant or immune to its presence."

These results also have implications for environmentally friendly efforts to decontaminate soil, in particular a method called phytoremediation -- a promising approach that involves growing metal-accumulating plants on polluted soil to remove such contaminates. Ashman says this approach should be considered with caution because the bees observed in the study foraged on metal-rich flowers. She states that further research is needed to identify plants that are ecologically safe and won't pose threats to local animals that pollinate.

The paper, "The effects of aluminum and nickel in nectar on the foraging behavior of bumblebees" first appeared online March 6 in Environmental Pollution. Funding was provided by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History's Powdermill Nature Reserve in Rector, Pa., a Botany-In-Action Fellowship from the Phipps Botanical Garden and Conservatory in Pittsburgh, an Ivey McManus Predoctoral Fellowship to Meindl, and a National Science Foundation grant (DEB 1020523) to Ashman. The bees were observed at a nature reserve in Western Pennsylvania during August and September 2012.

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Journal Reference:

  1. George A. Meindl, Tia-Lynn Ashman. The effects of aluminum and nickel in nectar on the foraging behavior of bumblebees. Environmental Pollution, 2013; 177: 78 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.017

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