Wednesday, May 22, 2013

Amid fears about debt, one family goes to the extreme to avoid student loans

Olivia and Claudia Poglianich (Photo courtesy Olivia Poglianich)Claudia Poglianich had just one major request when her daughter Olivia began looking at colleges two years ago: that Olivia would pick a school where she had the greatest chance of emerging debt-free.

It was an ask that seemed almost quaint in a world where college costs have reached record highs and students are almost expected to incur major debts to pay for their education. But Claudia, a 45-year-old public relations worker for government agency in Oyster Bay, N.Y., was determined to have her daughter escape the albatross of student loan debt that weighs down many college graduates.

?It?s horrible what these young people are going through, leaving school with all this debt that they struggle to pay back,? Claudia told Yahoo News. ?I didn?t want that for my daughter.?

So when she graduates in two years, Olivia, a 20-year old communications major at Cornell University, is aiming to be a rare case in higher education: a graduate from modest means with zero student loan debt.

It?s a goal Olivia admits is a struggle sometimes?especially at a university where she says so many of her classmates are financially better off than she is or are relying on major loans that allow them to spend more money.

?It is not always easy, but it is amazing that I will graduate from here without a lot of debt,? Olivia said. ?I will be incredibly lucky."

The road to being free from student debt hasn't been without sacrifices for Olivia or Claudia.

It began with Olivia bypassing other schools that had been on her wish list, including Boston College, Northwestern, and the University of Southern California?none of which offered enough financial aid to make it possible for her to attend. She also considered some state schools, but none seemed to have the? endowment program available to help students in need.

"We had to look at schools like they were a business," Claudia said. "Who could offer us the best package in the long run?"

Cornell's tuition and fees total an eye-popping $61,000 per year. But because of Olivia's high grade point average and Cornell's $5 billion endowment?one of the largest of any university in the United States?she's eligible for a number of scholarships and other types of financial aid.

Claudia pays whatever is left over, with help from Olivia?who, in addition to holding down a full-time schedule of classes, works as an administrative assistant at Cornell?s career services office while at school and works summer jobs at home. She also participates in unpaid internships. "Time management," Olivia says, "is not a problem for me."

But Claudia has made the bigger sacrifice.

As a single mom, she has scrimped and saved for years to pay for Olivia?s college education. Years ago, Claudia stopped contributing to her own 401(k) and other retirement accounts, putting the money into Olivia?s college fund instead.

Claudia also sold her house and lives with a roommate. And instead of leasing a car, she borrows a friend?s to save money. Though she declines to specify numbers, Claudia says most of her salary goes toward Olivia?s tuition.

The most nerve-wracking month of the year for the Poglianich family is May, when Cornell discloses how much financial assistance it will give a student for the upcoming year. The number is never the same, Claudia said, adding that she still hasn?t heard how much she?ll have to pay for Olivia's tuition next year.

?Every year, we hold our breath. My contribution of my salary has been going up, and you tighten the belt buckle more,? Claudia said. ?I tease Olivia, and say, ?You know, Mommy doesn?t have a shoe fetish like most women my age. I have a tuition fetish.??

It?s unclear how many families are like the Poglianiches?there are no statistics on how many students try to get through college without incurring student loan debts. But Claudia?s push is not entirely surprising amid growing concerns that student loans might be hurting the nation?s economic recovery.

According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, student loan debt surpassed $1 trillion last year, and it's only expected to increase given the growing number of people who returned to college amid a weakened job market over the last two years.

The uptick in student debt has been linked to negative effects on the larger economy, in part because debt-ridden students have been forced to postpone or skip normal rites of life, like buying homes.

But student loans may be a sound investment in the long run. Education Secretary Arne Duncan and others have repeatedly described such loans as ?good debt??in that paying for a college education ultimately helps people secure a better job and make more money.

A study released last August by the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce found that of the jobs recovered from the recent recession, ?virtually all ? required some sort of postsecondary education.? The same study found that college graduates were hired for better jobs that paid more money.

?You are still better off getting a college education and having that debt,? said Chris G. Christopher, an economist at IHS Global Insight who has studied the effects of the growing student loan debt on the economy.

Christopher said the job market is far tougher on someone ?who doesn?t go to college and doesn?t get any student debt.? Even the low-end blue-collar jobs have grown more limited in the tough economy, he said.

?So, in a sense, it?s good to have that debt and get the education so that you have more possibilities,? Christopher said?though he added that success also depends on what kind of degree and employment an individual is pursuing.

With her financial aid for next year still up in the air, Olivia is quick to note that taking out a loan ?wouldn?t be the worst thing in the world??something her mom agrees with, though she insists it should be a last-ditch measure.

Years after she got her own degree, Claudia still remembers how much her monthly checks were to Sallie Mae?which she was still paying off when Olivia was born.

?Two hundred and twenty-three dollars and 83 cents,? Claudia recalled, with a laugh. ?I remember that total so well. It has stuck with me.?

While she long ago paid off her own loans and doesn?t know anyone her age still working to pay off their student debt, Claudia isn?t so sure that will be the case for Olivia?s generation, which is incurring bigger debts because of the spike in college costs. That's why she is so determined to help her daughter, even if that means she has to make major sacrifices in her own life.

?Something is wrong here,? Claudia said. "All my choices, all of her choices, are governed by how expensive college is, and I know we can't be alone. ... Something has to be done, but I don't know what. I hate the burden that gets put on these kids."

She added, "We're scraping by, and it's tough. But when she gets that diploma in two more years, it will all be worth it.?

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/amid-fears-debt-one-family-goes-extreme-avoid-100706347.html

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NASA funds 3-D pizza (and chocolate) printer

Does computer-printed food conjure images of Star Trek's replicator? A prototype 3-D printer for food has already produced chocolate, but its designer has his sights set on pizza, which NASA hopes to feed to astronauts.

By Denise Chow,?SPACE.com / May 21, 2013

A 3-D printer generates the Nestle logo in Orbe, March 25. NASA is funding a 3-D printer that can produce edible food, from chocolate to pizza and more.

Denis Balibouse / Reuters

Enlarge

NASA has doled out a research grant to develop a prototype 3D printer for food, so astronauts may one day enjoy 3D-printed pizza on Mars.

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Anjan Contractor, a senior mechanical engineer at Systems and Materials Research Corporation (SMRC), based in Austin, Texas, received a $125,000 grant from the space agency to build a prototype of his food synthesizer, as was?first reported by Quartz.

NASA hopes the technology may one day be used to feed astronauts on longer space missions, such as the roughly 520 days required for a manned flight to Mars. Manned missions to destinations deeper in the solar system would require food that can last an even longer amount of time.

"Long distance space travel requires 15-plus years of shelf life," Contractor told Quartz. "The way we are working on it is, all the carbs, proteins, and macro and micro nutrients are in powder form. We take moisture out, and in that form it will last maybe 30 years."

Dividing the various components of food in powder cartridges would theoretically enable users to mix them together, like the ingredients in normal recipes, to create a diverse array of nutritious meals.

To prove his idea works, Contractor printed chocolate. Now, he's aiming to build a more advanced prototype to print a pizza, according to Quartz.

The system will start by "printing" a sheet of dough, followed by a layer of tomato "sauce," which will consist of the powder mixed with water and oil. Instead of traditional toppings, the?3D-printed?pizza will be finished off with a layer of protein, which can be derived from animals, milk or plants, Contractor told Quartz.

While NASA sees applications for?3D printers?on future manned space missions, Contractor said his food synthesizer could also be an effective way of addressing the problem of food shortages from rapid population growth.

"I think, and many economists think, that current food systems can't supply 12 billion people sufficiently," Contractor told Quartz. "So we eventually have to change our perception of what we see as food."

Follow Denise Chow on Twitter?@denisechow. Follow us?@Spacedotcom,?Facebook?or?Google+. Originally published on?SPACE.com.

Copyright 2013?SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/science/~3/-s6pRVSCePQ/NASA-funds-3-D-pizza-and-chocolate-printer

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Justin Bieber Loses Monkey to Germany

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Tuesday, May 21, 2013

Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group ? Blog Archive ...

? French Release

TORONTO (ONTARIO) MAY 21, 2013 ? With a steady rise in the use of the car, and a strong decline in kids getting to and from school and after school activities on their own steam, we have to ask ourselves: are we driving our kids to unhealthy habits?

The 2013 Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth, released today, reports that many Canadian children and youth are driven to and from destinations, and assigns a ?D? grade for Active Transportation. Active transportation ? walking, biking, wheeling, in-line skating or skateboarding to get to and from places such as school, parks and shops ? has long been known to be an important source of physical activity for children and youth1,2,3,4 but has seen a rapid decline in the last generation. While 58 per cent of parents walked to school when they were kids, only 28 per cent of their children walk to school today.5 In addition to this generational shift, 62 per cent of Canadian youth, aged five to 17, use only inactive modes of transportation to get to and from school.6

?By driving our kids to and from their destinations, we may be robbing them of an important source of physical activity, and contributing to lifelong unhealthy habits,? says Dr. Mark Tremblay, Chief Scientific Officer, Active Healthy Kids Canada. ?Active transportation presents an easy, cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to increase physical activity levels among children and youth, and its benefits are significant. In fact, if we encouraged our kids to walk for trips less than a kilometre, they could bank an additional 10 to 15 minutes of physical activity per trip!?

Barriers, such as distance between home and school, as well as safety concerns, have forced our kids into the car and contributed to the decline in active transportation and overall physical activity levels. Today?s fast paced world finds parents are more likely to drive their children to their end destination if they perceive that driving them saves time or is more convenient.7 And while 66 per cent of Canadian adults agree or strongly agree that their neighbourhood is safe for children to walk to and from school, today?s children are less likely to be allowed to walk or bike to neighbourhood destinations without adult supervision.8

?Today?s youth spend less time walking, and walk shorter distances, than their parents did as children,? says Kelly Murumets, President and CEO, ParticipACTION. ?With only five per cent of five to 17 year olds meeting the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines, it is important to find simple solutions to help increase their physical activity levels. By making small changes to the way we travel to destinations, we can have a big impact on the physical activity levels of our children.

Not only will we help get them closer to achieving the recommended Guidelines, but we will also provide opportunities for social engagement with their peers.?

?Active transportation can easily be integrated into everyday life at little or no cost. Collective action needs to be taken ? by parents and families, policymakers, and schools ? to ensure that Canadian children and youth are reaping the benefits of active transportation,? says Jennifer Cowie Bonne, CEO, Active Healthy Kids Canada. ?Schools should consider implementation of safe walk-to-school travel plans and provide bike racks, and government strategies should ensure urban planning that supports safe communities for biking and walking.?

Among the 17 grades assigned in the Report Card, key grades include:

  • ?D? for Active Transportation
  • ?F? for Sedentary Behaviour
  • ?C? for Family Physical Activity
  • An overall grade of ?D-? for Physical Activity Levels

Full copies of the short-form and long-form Report Card, plus free presentations, articles and media materials, can be found at www.activehealthykids.ca.

References

1?Faulkner GEJ, Buliung RN, Flora PK, Fusco C. Active school transport, physical activity levels and body weight of children and youth: a systematic review. Prev Med. 2009;49:3-8.
2?Larouche R, Saunders T, Faulkner GEJ, Colley RC, Tremblay MS. Associations between active school transport and physical activity, body composition and cardiovascular fitness: a systematic review of 68 studies. J Phys Act Health. 2012. [Epub ahead of print]
3?Lee MC, Orenstein MR, Richardson MC. Systematic review of active commuting to school and children?s physical activity and weight. J Phys Act Health.2008;5(6):930-949.
4?Morency C, Demers M. Active transportation as a way to increase physical activity among children. Child Care Hlth Dev. 2010;36(3):421-427.
5?Stone MR, Mammen G, Faulkner G. Canadian School Travel Planning Intervention Results (National Report). (2010-12). Submitted to the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, under the Coalitions Linking Action and Science for Prevention (CLASP) initiative, and Green Communities Canada. April 1, 2012.
6?Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute. 2010 Physical Activity Monitor. Bulletin 12: Transportation among children and youth. Ottawa: Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute; 2012. www.cflri.ca/node/961.
7?Faulkner GEJ, Richichi V, Buliung RN, Fusco C, Moola F. What?s ?quickest and easiest?? Parental decision making about school trip mode. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010;7:62.
8?Fyhri A, Hjorthol R, Mackett RL, Fotel TN, Kytta M. Children?s active travel and independent mobility in four countries: development, social contributing trends and measures. Transp Pol. 2011;18:703-710.

About the Report Card

The Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is the most comprehensive annual assessment of child and youth physical activity in Canada. Active Healthy Kids Canada works with its strategic partners to develop and disseminate the Report Card. The Children?s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute?s Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group (CHEO-HALO), works with an interdisciplinary Research Work Group that includes top researchers from across Canada, to ensure that the Report Card includes the most up-to-date evidence about physical activity for children and youth. ParticipACTION provides strategic communications expertise and support to produce and deliver the Report Card.

Production of the Report Card is possible through support from The Lawson Foundation, the George Weston Foundation through its Wonder+Cares funding program, the Heart and Stroke Foundation, Loblaw Companies Limited, Cardel Place, the MLSE Foundation and provincial and territorial governments through the Sport Physical Activity and Recreation Committee.

About Active Healthy Kids Canada

Active Healthy Kids Canada is a national charitable organization established in 1994 with a mission to inspire the country to engage all children and youth in physical activity. We provide expertise and direction to policy-makers and the public on how to increase physical activity for Canadian children and youth, and effectively allocate resources and attention to the issue. Our vision is to create a nation of active healthy kids. Advancing knowledge is the cornerstone of our business. Our primary method is the annual Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. Through strategic partnerships with funders, governments, non-government organizations, research groups and others, we produce Canada?s most comprehensive yearly assessment of physical activity opportunities for Canadian children and youth.

About CHEO-HALO

The Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group (HALO) is located within the Children?s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Ottawa, Canada). HALO provides international leadership and research excellence in healthy active living for the promotion of health and wellness in children and youth, including the prevention, management and treatment of obesity. The HALO team is comprised of a multidisciplinary group of research scientists, clinicians, research staff, administrative support personnel, graduate and practicum students, post-doctoral fellows and medical interns and residents. Working with local, provincial, national and international partners and stakeholders, HALO is committed to advancing the understanding and importance of promoting healthy active living, with a mission to preserve, enhance and restore the health and wellness of our most precious resource, our children.

About ParticipACTION

ParticipACTION is the national voice of physical activity and sport participation in Canada. Originally established in 1971, ParticipACTION was re-launched in 2007 to help prevent the looming inactivity crisis that faces Canada. As a national not-for-profit organization solely dedicated to inspiring and supporting healthy and active living for Canadians, it works with its partners, which include sport, physical activity, recreation organizations, government and corporate sponsors, to inspire and support Canadians to move more. ParticipACTION is generously supported by Sport Canada. For more information, visit www.participACTION.com.

-30-

For more information, copies of the Report Card or b-roll, to schedule an interview or speak to a spokesperson, please contact:

Kelsey Strickland
Hill + Knowlton Strategies
416-413-4788
kelsey.strickland@hkstrategies.ca

Stacie Smith
ParticipACTION
416-913-1471
ssmith@participACTION.com

Subscribe to HALO's content by email

Source: http://www.haloresearch.ca/blog/2013/05/21/are-we-driving-our-kids-to-unhealthy-habits/

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Yahoo to acquire Tumblr in $1.1 billion cash deal

Yahoo to acquire Tumblr in $11 billion cash deal

That cat's out of the bag a day early, it seems. Yahoo's board has approved a $1.1 billion cash deal to purchase the blogging site Tumblr, according to The Wall Street Journal. We were expecting Yahoo to announce the acquisition during tomorrow's NYC media event -- CEO Marissa Mayer may instead use the last-minute gathering to detail the company's plans for integrating the popular platform. It's unclear how Yahoo intends to utilize its latest procurement, but with a 10-figure price tag now public, we can only imagine that Tumblr will be put to good use. We'll be covering tomorrow afternoon's event live, so stay tuned for more details from New York City.

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Comments

Source: Wall Street Journal (Twitter)

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/05/19/yahoo-to-acquire-tumblr/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Monday, May 20, 2013

Zelienople Area Swim Club | Cranberry Sports & Recreation, School ...

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Kidddemarcus15's blog - Typepad

Charlie's Water Balloons and the Chocolate Monsters book download

Charlie's Water Balloons and the Chocolate Monsters Caryn Whitfield

Caryn Whitfield

. God did not talk to Moses to give him a science lesson, and even if he wanted to short of using magic powers to give Moses the ability to understand the real explanation God would have been stuck with giving a story book version of reality.Thursday ;s Free Books | Author Marketing ClubArts & Photography | Business & Investing | Children ;s Books | Christian Books & Bibles | Computers & Technology | Cookbooks, Food & Wine | Crafts, Hobbies & Home | Education & Reference | Health, Fitness & Dieting | History . The story features the adventures of young Charlie Bucket inside the. You can read together about . March 11, 2013 at 5:12 pm. . Then Charlie finds a golden ticket to go to the chocolate factory. Favorite . ;I always find that . It begins with a poor family who tries their best to keep light of things. "Oh, books, what books they used to know, Those children living long ago! . Water Balloon Drop Hit n Strip game - You live in a dark, seedy part . wrote that they wanted to publish it.The Sega Addicts Top 10 Hidden Gems on the DreamcastTaking a nod from other kart racing games, you had a variety of weapons at your disposal from bottle rockets and thumbtacks to oil slicks and water balloons . Berserk Button: Don ;t throw a snowball at her, do not throw a water balloon at her, and ; ; ;never ; ; ; call her ;fat ;. Balloon Decoration Ideas for a Little Boy's Birthday Party; Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (Book 2005) - Goodreads Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a personal Roald Dahl favourite of mine,. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) - IMDb Title: Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005) 6.8 /10. . Show HTML View more styles. Books You ;d Unpack First | ShelfTalker - Publishers Weekly Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl (interestingly, the one book that doesn ;t maybe belong on this shelf. Start reading Charlie's Water Balloons and the Chocolate Monsters on your Kindle in under a minute. You Know That Show - TV TropesThe book was about her feeelings and conflicts with her older sister and her baby sister Charlie , whose relationship with her is the main focus of the plot. Water Balloon Drop Hit n Strip online game - You live in a dark, seedy part of town. 12, 2013) - Kindle eBook Charlie and the Chocolate Factory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 1964 children's book by British author Roald Dahl. silly monster March 13, 2013 at 3:09 pm


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Sunday, May 19, 2013

Not Your Grandpa's RV: This Roving Lab Tracks Air Pollution

This map shows methane measurements Ira Leifer took as he drove in his RV around the Los Angeles basin. Notice the pronounced spike in levels of methane around the La Brea Tar Pits in the center of the image. Geological faults here allow "natural" methane to escape. The redder the color, the more methane was detected.

Courtesy of Ira Leifer and Paige Farrell, et. al./Published in Atmospheric Environment

This map shows methane measurements Ira Leifer took as he drove in his RV around the Los Angeles basin. Notice the pronounced spike in levels of methane around the La Brea Tar Pits in the center of the image. Geological faults here allow "natural" methane to escape. The redder the color, the more methane was detected.

Courtesy of Ira Leifer and Paige Farrell, et. al./Published in Atmospheric Environment

If you're driving down the road someday and you come across a camper with a 50-foot periscope sticking up into the sky, you just might have crossed paths with Ira Leifer. His quirky vehicle is on a serious mission. It's sniffing the air for methane, a gas that contributes to global warming.

Leifer is an atmospheric scientist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. But you'll more often find him off campus, in a garage, next to a string of auto body shops near the airport.

Ira Leifer, at his garage-turned-lab in Santa Barbara, has been studying the levels of methane in the atmosphere.

Richard Harris/NPR

Ira Leifer, at his garage-turned-lab in Santa Barbara, has been studying the levels of methane in the atmosphere.

Richard Harris/NPR

The converted garage is jammed with computer workstations and a bunch of high tech gear, including a rack full of gas chromatographs ? instruments that analyze air samples.

Leifer's machines are tuned to look for hydrocarbons, especially methane. It's the main ingredient of natural gas. Methane is also much more potent than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the atmosphere. So it's important to know how much is in the atmosphere and where it's coming from.

Back in 2010, Leifer headed to the Gulf of Mexico to measure methane that bubbled into the water during the Deepwater Horizon blowout. He needed to take his gas chromatographs with him to do these studies.

"And the standard way scientists usually deal with this is they pack everything up in a box and they ship it, but that means you have to trust that FedEx or whoever is taking it won't accidentally drop it," Leifer says. "So I thought, 'Why don't I drive it down?' "

He rented a camper for the trip. And after his research cruise ended, Leifer thought, "Why not sample the air on the way back home?" So he jury-rigged a setup for these delicate instruments in the back.

"It involved a lot of work with an air mattress folded in half, a giant tarp filled with Styrofoam peanuts, bungees holding things to the wall and so on," Leifer says. "It really looked like a Rube Goldberg kind of weird device in the back with this gas chromatograph sitting in the middle of it."

Leifer stands atop his roving chemistry lab. He and his team took 6,600 methane readings on the cross-country drive from Florida to California.

Richard Harris/NPR

Leifer stands atop his roving chemistry lab. He and his team took 6,600 methane readings on the cross-country drive from Florida to California.

Richard Harris/NPR

Starting in Florida, Leifer and a couple of assistants took 6,600 methane measurements as they drove west. He says the measurements steadily increased as the RV approached Houston, which is home to hundreds of petrochemical plants. Driving around the plants and natural-gas pumping stations, he often found spikes of methane.

"And after we left the Houston area, we then continued westward, and the methane levels decreased and decreased and continued doing so all the way to the Mojave Desert," he says.

The highest readings turned out to be in the Los Angeles area, specifically around the La Brea Tar Pits. These are areas of "natural" methane seepage, Leifer says. "Oil, tar and methane seep up to the surface and fill the pits." The preserved bodies of Ice Age animals have been retrieved from the sticky muck.

Leifer qualifies the word "natural" because some of the leaks probably aren't natural at all. They're instead from old oil wells that were drilled in the early 20th century, and tapped into those same natural reservoirs of hydrocarbons. Back then folks weren't so careful with their wells.

"When the company went bankrupt, they wouldn't seal them up very well," Leifer says. "They might just stuff trees and stones and rags in them. Literally."

Methane also contributes to smog, so Los Angeles is very interested to figure out where its methane comes from.

Air mattresses and bungees actually aren't required for this kind of research. A new type of chromatograph can withstand the bumps and bruises of the road. So, since Leifer's road trip in the rented camper in 2010, there have been lots of similar methane studies by others.

But he says his was the first cross-country observation. It's being published in the journal Atmospheric Environment.

Leifer was so intrigued by the possibilities here, he bought his own 37-foot diesel RV, and he's souped it up to be a rolling chemistry lab, complete with a hydraulic lift to get all his gear into the back of the vehicle. It also has a mast that rises up five stories, like a periscope.

? This is one of those perhaps rare cases in which doing the right thing leads to a win-win situation for the shareholders [and] the economy, as well as the environment.

"Scientists are known to like cool stuff," he says with a laugh. Of course, the mast is only up when the camper is parked.

Over the course of his expedition, Leifer says he not only learned that he really, really wanted a new RV to study pollution, but also got a firsthand sense of just how much methane gas simply leaks out of refineries, pipes and wells before it can get to would-be customers.

"We're talking several hundred billion dollars of profit that's just being lost," he says. "It's causing a lot of environmental damage. And this is one of those perhaps rare cases in which doing the right thing leads to a win-win situation for the shareholders [and] the economy, as well as the environment."

The challenge now is for those companies to track down all those leaks, among half a million gas wells and hundreds of thousands of miles of pipeline. Sealing those leaks won't always repay those companies in cash, but it will provide rewards to the planet in the form of less rapid global warming.

Source: http://www.npr.org/2013/05/18/184863769/not-your-grandpas-rv-this-roving-lab-tracks-air-pollution?ft=1&f=1007

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No Triple Crown: Oxbow upsets Orb at Preakness

BALTIMORE (AP) ? Right from the start, a horse trained by one not so over-the-hill Hall of Famer and ridden by another took control of the Preakness. The result: a huge upset and the end of any hopes for a Triple Crown attempt at the Belmont Stakes.

Thanks to Oxbow's wire-to-wire win Saturday over Kentucky Derby winner Orb, trainer D. Wayne Lukas and jockey Gary Stevens have themselves another classic to add to their stellar resumes.

"I get paid to spoil dreams," the 77-year-old Lukas said after his record 14th win in a Triple Crown race. "Unfortunately we go over here and you can't mail 'em in. It's a different surface and a different time. You gotta line 'em up and win 'em."

Stevens ended his retirement in January, and won his third Preakness to go along with three victories in the Derby and three in the Belmont.

"At 50 years old, after seven years retirement, it doesn't get any better than this," Stevens said. "This is super, super sweet and it happened for the right guy. All the stars were aligned. It's even more special winning it for Wayne Lukas and his team."

Lukas put Stevens on his first Triple Crown race winner ? when the rider guided the filly Winning Colors to victory in the 1988 Derby. Stevens last won a Triple Crown race in 2001, taking the Belmont aboard Point Given.

"He supported me," Stevens said. "A lot of people were trying to get me off. He was the first guy to call me up and said 'I'm going to have a colt for you. His name is Oxbow.'"

Orb was unable to find his rhythm after starting from the No. 1 post, and never challenged in finishing fourth.

"After we passed the half mile, he had a hard time keeping up and I kind of worried a little bit," Orb's jockey Joel Rosario said. "He just kind of steadied after that. He usually takes you there. He always runs hard, but today he never took off."

Orb's loss extends the Triple Crown drought to 36 years since Affirmed became the 11th horse to sweep the races in 1978. There had been great anticipation the sport would get another Triple try just a year after I'll Have Another won the first two races but was scratched the day before the Belmont with a tendon injury.

Lukas won his sixth Preakness to move one behind Robert Wyndham Walden for most wins in the second leg of the Triple Crown.

The victory was a long time coming for the dean of trainers. The last Triple Crown race he won was the 2000 Belmont with Commendable. Before that, he was a regular in the winner's circle after classic races. At one point, he ran off six in a row ? from the 1994 Preakness through the 1996 Derby. He also was the first to send out five horses in one Derby, and won it with Grindstone in 1996.

The first trainer to gear his operation toward Triple Crown races, Lukas took a run at the coveted prize in 1999 with Charismatic. The unsung 3-year-old won the Derby and Preakness, but broke his leg in the stretch of the Belmont while finishing third.

Oxbow, sent off at odds of 15-1, took charge from the start out of the No. 6 post and beat Itsmyluckyday by 1? lengths. Mylute, with Rosie Napravnik bidding to become the first female to win the Preakness, was third, followed by Orb, Goldencents, Departing, Will Take Charge, Govenor Charlie and Titletown Five.

Orb's trainer, Shug McGaughey, so confident in the two weeks leading up to the race, was gracious despite his disappointment.

"It was a great opportunity," the Hall of Famer said. "We were 3-5 and we finished fourth. We'll pack it up and go home. Hats off to Wayne."

He also recalled a brief conversation with Lukas a few days before the race.

"Just two days ago, he said to me 'We got another one on the agenda,'" McGaughey said. "And darn if two days later he didn't get it ... When Wayne wasn't going good, he was still the first guy out on his pony. The guy's a credit to racing. He's always upbeat and optimistic."

Orb came into the Preakness with a five-race winning streak and many expected him to win easily. But it wasn't to be on an overcast windy day at Pimlico Race Course, where 117,203 fans turned out.

Oxbow went to the lead ahead of Goldencents and opened some daylight into the first turn. Orb, who broke slowly as expected, wound up in a cluster of horses around the turn and into the backstretch. While Oxbow was cruising along in front, Rosario tried to find room outside but found his path blocked. Orb dropped back to the inside, and perhaps frustrated without any space to run free like he did in the Derby, fell back to seventh and was never a threat in the stretch.

"The pace was slower than I anticipated," McGaughey said. "I thought maybe they would speed it up a little bit but they didn't. I thought we would close into it but it just wasn't his day. He was just never real comfortable once he got down in there."

Oxbow covered the 1 3-16 miles in a slow 1:57.54 and paid $32.80, $12 and $8.80. Itsmyluckyday, 15th in the Derby, returned $7.80 and $5 and Mylute paid $5.20 to show.

Lukas had three of the nine horses in the Preakness, and it was his best Derby finisher who was able to come through. Just like that, he broke the tie with "Sunny Jim" Fitzsimmons for most Triple Crown wins.

"I shared that record with a very special name," Lukas said. "If I never broke it, I was proud of that. But I'm also proud to have it."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/no-triple-crown-oxbow-upsets-orb-preakness-234738024.html

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Will Boy Scouts accept gay youth? Vote is imminent

FILE - In this Feb. 4, 2013 file photo, James Oliver, left, hugs his brother and fellow Eagle Scout, Will Oliver, who is gay, as Will and other supporters carry four boxes filled with petitions to end the ban on gay scouts and leaders in front of the Boy Scouts of America headquarters in Dallas, Texas. With its ranks deeply divided, the Boy Scouts of America is asking its local leaders from across the country to decide whether its contentious membership policy should be overhauled so that openly gay boys can participate in Scout units. The proposal to be put before the roughly 1,400 voting members of the BSA's National Council on Thursday, May 23, 2013 at a meeting in Grapevine, Texas, would retain the Scouts' long-standing ban on gays serving in adult leadership positions. (AP Photo/Tony Gutierrez, File)

FILE - In this Feb. 4, 2013 file photo, James Oliver, left, hugs his brother and fellow Eagle Scout, Will Oliver, who is gay, as Will and other supporters carry four boxes filled with petitions to end the ban on gay scouts and leaders in front of the Boy Scouts of America headquarters in Dallas, Texas. With its ranks deeply divided, the Boy Scouts of America is asking its local leaders from across the country to decide whether its contentious membership policy should be overhauled so that openly gay boys can participate in Scout units. The proposal to be put before the roughly 1,400 voting members of the BSA's National Council on Thursday, May 23, 2013 at a meeting in Grapevine, Texas, would retain the Scouts' long-standing ban on gays serving in adult leadership positions. (AP Photo/Tony Gutierrez, File)

FILE - Clockwise from left, Boy Scouts Eric Kusterer, Jacob Sorah, James Sorah, Micah Brownlee and Cub Scout John Sorah hold signs at the "Save Our Scouts" Prayer Vigil and Rally in front of the Boy Scouts of America National Headquarters in Irving, Texas on Wednesday, Feb. 6, 2013. With its ranks deeply divided, the Boy Scouts of America is asking its local leaders from across the country to decide whether its contentious membership policy should be overhauled so that openly gay boys can participate in Scout units. The proposal to be put before the roughly 1,400 voting members of the BSA's National Council on Thursday, May 23, 2013 at a meeting in Grapevine, Texas, would retain the Scouts' long-standing ban on gays serving in adult leadership positions. (AP Photo/Richard Rodriguez)

With its ranks deeply divided, the Boy Scouts of America is asking its local leaders from across the country to decide whether its contentious membership policy should be overhauled so that openly gay boys can participate in Scout units.

The proposal to be put before the roughly 1,400 voting members of the BSA's National Council on Thursday, at a meeting in Grapevine, Texas, would retain the Scouts' long-standing ban on gays serving in adult leadership positions.

Nonetheless, some conservatives within and outside the BSA community have denounced the proposal, saying the Scouts' traditions would be undermined by the presence of openly gay youth. There have been warnings of mass defections if the ban is even partially lifted.

From the other flank, gay-rights supporters and some Scout leaders from politically liberal areas have welcomed the proposed change as a positive first step, but are calling on the BSA to go further and lift the ban on gay adults as well.

The Scouts' national spokesman, Deron Smith, said the policy toward gays had become "the most complex and challenging issue" facing the BSA at a time when it is struggling to stem a steady drop in membership.

"Ultimately we can't anticipate how people will vote but we do know that the result will not match everyone's personal preference," Smith said in an email.

In January, the BSA floated a plan to give sponsors of local Scout units the option of admitting gays as both youth members and adult leaders or continuing to exclude them. However, it changed course, in part because of surveys sent out starting in February to members of the Scouting community.

Of the more than 200,000 leaders, parents and youth members who responded, 61 percent supported the current policy of excluding gays, while 34 percent opposed it.

Those findings contrasted with a Washington Post-ABC News national poll earlier this month. It said 63 percent of respondents favored letting openly gay youth be Scouts, and 56 percent favored lifting the ban on gay adults.

Over the past several weeks, numerous public events have been staged by advocacy groups on different sides of the debate.

A group called Scouts for Equality has organized rallies in several cities aimed at urging local BSA councils to support an end to the ban on gay youth. Rallies opposing any easing of the ban, for youth or adults, have been organized by a group called OnMyHonor.net, which claims the pending proposal "requires open homosexuality in the Boy Scouts."

Both groups plan to have their leaders and supporters on hand in Grapevine as the vote takes place.

Among those heading to Grapevine to lobby for an easing of the ban are Tracie Felker and her 16-year-old son, Pascal Tessier, who, though openly gay, is on track to become an Eagle Scout as a member of Boy Scout Troop 52 in Chevy Chase, Md.

"We are absolutely dedicated to restoring integrity to Boy Scouting and reinvigorating the program," Felker said. "That can only be done by removing the stain of discrimination."

Passions also run deep on the other side, as evidenced by a live online event titled "Stand With Scouts Sunday" presented May 5 by the conservative Family Research Council. The council opposes lifting the ban on gay youth, saying such a change "will dramatically alter the culture and moral landscape of America."

Among the participants was Texas Gov. Rick Perry, who lauded the Scouts' tradition of character-building.

"For pop culture to come in and try to tear that up because this happens to be the flavor of the month ... that is just not appropriate," Perry said. "Frankly I hope the American people stand up and say, 'Not on my watch.'"

Also appearing on the webcast was Jeremy Miller, a Scout leader from Ohio who said the proposed change "will open the door to boy-on-boy sexual contact, bullying and older Scouts being predators on younger scouts."

The BSA's national leadership has rejected such warnings as ill-founded. "The BSA makes no connection between the sexual abuse or victimization of a child and homosexuality," a new background document says. "The BSA takes strong exception to this assertion."

Of the more than 100,000 Scouting units in the U.S., 70 percent are chartered by religious institutions. While these sponsors include liberal churches opposed to any ban on gays, some of the largest sponsors are relatively conservative denominations that have supported the broad ban ? notably the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and Southern Baptist churches.

Knowing these churches oppose scouting roles for gay adults, the BSA leadership hopes they will be willing to back the easing of the ban on gay youth. As part of this effort, the BSA is emphasizing that sexual conduct by any Scout ? straight or gay ? would be considered unacceptable.

"We are unaware of any major religious chartered organization that believes a youth member simply stating he or she is attracted to the same sex, but not engaging in sexual activity, should make him or her unwelcome in their congregation," the Scouts say in their new background document.

Southern Baptist leaders were outspoken earlier this year in opposing the tentative plan to let Scout units decide for themselves if they wanted to accept gays as adult leaders.

Frank Page, president of the Southern Baptist Convention's Executive Committee, said the new proposal "is more acceptable to those who hold a biblical form of morality," but he nonetheless favors its defeat.

"A No vote keeps the current policy in place, an outcome we would overwhelmingly support," Page told Baptist Press, the SBC's official news agency.

Baptist Press reported that the Roswell Street Baptist Church in Marietta, Ga., was considering ending a nearly 75-year sponsorship of a Boy Scout troop if the policy change prevails. The church's senior pastor, Ernest Easley, echoed warnings from other Southern Baptist leaders that any BSA accommodation of gays might prompt defections and trigger an expansion of the SBC's own youth group for boys, the Royal Ambassadors. According to BSA figures, Baptist churches sponsor Scout units with about 108,000 youth members.

Leaders of some smaller conservative denominations ? including the Assemblies of God and the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod ? have signed a statement opposing the proposal to accept gay youth.

Some larger sponsors have either endorsed the proposal, or ? in the case of the United Methodist Church and Catholic Church ? declined to specify a position. The National Catholic Committee on Scouting issued a statement describing the membership debate as "difficult and sensitive" but stopping short of any explicit recommendation for how Catholic delegates to the BSA meeting should vote.

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints announced in April that it supports the new proposal, saying the BSA made a good-faith effort to address a complex issue. The Mormons sponsor more Scout units than any other organization, serving about 430,000 of the 2.6 million youth in Scouting.

The United Methodists are the second-largest sponsor, serving about 363,000 youth members; the Catholic Church is No. 3, with a youth membership of about 273,000.

Several regional Scout councils already have declared their position on the membership proposal.

In Tennessee, the Nashville-based Middle Tennessee Council and Jackson-based West Tennessee Area Council said they oppose the proposed change and support the current broad ban on gay youth and adults.

"We are continuing to uphold the standards, beliefs and traditions Scouting has held for over 100 years," said Lee Beaman, board president of the Middle Tennessee Council, which says it serves 35,000 youth and adults.

The day after that announcement, Bill Moser, a longtime Scout leader in Clarksville, Tenn., announced his resignation, saying he couldn't support a policy that would force openly gay youth out of Scouting when they turned 18.

The Greater New York Councils, which serve about 43,000 Scouts in New York City, is supporting the proposal to accept gay youths, calling it "a positive step forward." It is among the councils urging the Scouts to also accept gays as adult leaders.

The Los Angeles Area Council said it follows a nondiscrimination policy that extends to sexual orientation and it proposed that the BSA adopt a similar policy nationwide, opening its ranks to openly gay adults as well as youth.

However, the BSA leadership says no such alternative proposals will be put to a vote at the Grapevine meeting ? only the single proposal to lift the ban on gay youth.

If the proposal is approved, the new policy would take effect on Jan. 1, 2014. A task force already has been created to oversee its implementation.

___

Online:

Boy Scouts: http://www.scouting.org/

___

Follow David Crary on Twitter at http://twitter.com/CraryAP

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-05-18-Boy%20Scouts-Gays/id-6a36acb2d622479bbc9964f009d2a96b

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Saturday, May 18, 2013

How to view content from your Mac on your Apple TV with AirPlay Mirroring

How to view content from your Mac on your Apple TV with AirPlay Mirroring

If you own a Mac running OS X Mountain Lion and either a second or third generation Apple TV, you have the ability to display content from your Mac on your TV wirelessly with AirPlay Mirroring. If you are familiar with how AirPlay works for iOS with display mirroring, it's very similar.

If you've never used AirPlay on your Mac before, follow along and we'll show you how.

  1. Turn on your TV and your Apple TV.
  2. Make sure your Apple TV and your Mac are both connected to the same wifi network.
  3. In the task tray in the upper right corner of your Mac, look for the AirPlay icon.
  4. Click on the AirPlay icon and you should see your Apple TV available for mirroring. Simply click on it.

The content on your Mac screen will now automatically be shown on your TV screen.

    


Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TheIphoneBlog/~3/ZmHkbeTV3IQ/story01.htm

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Watchdog group wants IRS to target all groups that hide donors (Washington Bureau)

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Teen's invention could charge your phone in 20 seconds

innovation

4 hours ago

Image of Eesha Khare

Intel

Eesha Khare, 18, of Saratoga, Calif., received the Intel Foundation Young Scientist Award of $50,000 for the invention of a tiny energy-storage device.

Waiting hours for a cellphone to charge may become a thing of the past, thanks to an 18-year-old high-school student's invention. She won a $50,000 prize Friday at an international science fair for creating an energy storage device that can be fully juiced in 20 to 30 seconds.

The fast-charging device is a so-called supercapacitor, a gizmo that can pack a lot of energy into a tiny space, charges quickly and holds its charge for a long time.

What's more, it can last for 10,000 charge-recharge cycles, compared with 1,000 cycles for conventional rechargeable batteries, according to Eesha Khare of Saratoga, Calif.

"My cellphone battery always dies," she told NBC News when asked what inspired her to work on the energy-storage technology. Supercapacitors also allowed her to focus on her interest in nanochemistry ? "really working at the nanoscale to make significant advances in many different fields."

To date, she has used the supercapacitor to power a light-emitting diode, or LED. The invention's future is even brighter. She sees it fitting inside cellphones and the other portable electronic devices that are proliferating in today's world, freeing people and their gadgets for a longer time from reliance on electrical outlets.

"It is also flexible, so it can be used in rollup displays and clothing and fabric," Khare added. "It has a lot of different applications and advantages over batteries in that sense."

Khare's invention won her the Intel Foundation Young Scientist Award at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, conducted this week in Phoenix, Ariz. For more information about the event and other prize winners, check out our earlier coverage.

John Roach is a contributing writer for NBC News. To learn more about him, visit his website.

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653377/s/2c191655/l/0L0Snbcnews0N0Ctechnology0Cteens0Einvention0Ecould0Echarge0Eyour0Ephone0E20A0Eseconds0E1C9977955/story01.htm

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Friday, May 17, 2013

Good Reads: From Chinese dreams, to the Tsarnaevs, to a QWERTY challenger

CHINA ASKS ITS CITIZENS TO DREAM

A nation confidently on its way to becoming the biggest economy in the world ought to be chasing its own special dreams. So Chinese Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping has taken on promoting ?the Chinese dream? as his personal motto, and the Chinese character for ?dream? has been declared the ?character of the year? in China. But what do Chinese think about when they dream? In ?Chasing the Chinese dream,? The Economist points out the term?s vagueness is both an advantage and a difficulty, a meme able to be fitted to many goals. Militarists see it as more than just an ?American dream? of middle-class prosperity; it?s their dream of a powerful China preeminent on the world stage. Democratic reformers see a move toward Western-style personal and political freedoms. US Secretary of State John Kerry recently tried to lasso the term in the service of better Sino-American relations, proposing that Chinese and American dreams merge into a vision of a ?Pacific Dream? that the two nations pursue together. But where it?s all headed is uncertain: When a people are allowed, even encouraged, to ?dream,? the process may set off a series of unintended consequences.

HOW RADICAL WERE THE TSARNAEV BROTHERS?

What caused Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev to carry out their bombing of the Boston Marathon? We may never get a definite answer. But in ?The Bombers? World,? Christian Caryl in The New York Review of Books digs for facts and theories and concludes that despite possible links to radical Islamists ?there are many other details of the Tsarnaev brothers? case that make it seem starkly unique, more of an outlier than something that can be easily slotted into a larger pattern.? Those particulars include the Chechen culture, which places a high value on family and ?honor? (and put immense pressure on Tamerlan, the older brother, to succeed when at the same time he was failing). Among the unanswered questions: Why was this particular Chechen family unable to assimilate into American culture when other Chechens have?

RECOMMENDED: China must end cyberspying on US industry, look to its own innovation

STOPPING A HUMANITARIAN DISASTER

The sectarian war in Bosnia in the 1990s taught American presidents two irreconcilable lessons: First, US involvement is indispensable when it comes to stopping a humanitarian disaster. Second, a US president has little to gain politically from intervening overseas and plenty to lose if it goes badly. Just ask President George W. Bush, who ignored the lessons, invaded Iraq, and suffered the consequences. In ?The Thin Red Line: Inside the White House debate over Syria,? Dexter Filkins of The New Yorker paints a grim portrait of US alternatives in Syria. (?All the options are horrible,? says one former presidential adviser.) Disturbing reports indicating that the Syrian regime is using poison gas, perhaps sarin, (cautiously and selectively to not rouse world opinion) have upped the stakes. President Obama has looked tentative, perhaps for good reason ? drawing a ?red line? warning against the use of chemical weapons but then being vague in assessing whether they have been used or saying exactly what the US response would be. ?People on the Hill ask me, ?Why can?t we do a no-fly zone? Why can?t we do military strikes?? ? a senior US official says. ?Of course we can do these things. The issue is, where does it stop??

A FUTURE WITH ?BAKED IN? HEAT

Bryan Walsh at Time magazine is among a throng of scientists and journalists noting that the level of carbon dioxide in the world?s atmosphere is about to pass a significant threshold: 400 parts per million. Why should we care? ?The last time CO2 levels were this high was likely during the Pliocene epoch, between 3.2 million and 5 million years ago,? he points out. ?The Earth?s climate was warmer during the Pliocene than it is today ? perhaps by 2 to 3 [degrees] C ? and sea levels were much higher. It was a very different planet than the one we?ve lived on so successfully for thousands of years.? Passing 400 p.p.m. means that warming effects of rising CO2 are already ?baked in? to Earth?s future for many years to come. The Keeling Curve, which has measured and documented the rise in worldwide CO2 levels over the past half century, is ?a roadmap for our future,? he says, ?a future that will almost certainly be hotter and wilder.?

A KEYBOARD FOR FAT THUMBS

KALQ is an effort to redesign a keyboard for mobile devices that better arranges the pattern of letter keys for the ubiquitous two-thumb system of typing. But can any new arrangement ever replace QWERTY, the more-than-a-century-old arrangement of letter keys on, first, typewriters and now computers and even tiny phones and tablets? ?Fact of Fiction? The Legend of the QWERTY Keyboard,? a post at the Design Decoded blog at Smithsonian magazine, notes that the origin of QWERTY remains ?a little foggy.? The popular notion that the keys were arranged so as to not jam the mechanisms of early typewriters may not be true. A new theory suggests the arrangement was a convenience for telegraph operators, who were among the first workers to adopt touch typing. Once early typewriter companies banded together and agreed on QWERTY, and set up training courses to learn the system, the die was cast. QWERTY has become what?s known in the design world as a ?path dependency,? too entrenched to be replaced even by a superior system. Other letter arrangements have been proposed over the years, most notably the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard in the 1930s, but none have typed over QWERTY. Will KALQ be the first?

RECOMMENDED: China must end cyberspying on US industry, look to its own innovation

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/good-reads-chinese-dreams-tsarnaevs-qwerty-challenger-133719562.html

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Android to get built-in Bluetooth Smart Ready support this year

Android to get builtin Bluetooth Smart Ready support this year

As powerful as Android can be, Bluetooth is one of its glaring weaknesses: the absence of a default Bluetooth framework has led to inconsistent implementations from both device builders and app developers. Google is at last covering that gaping hole, however. As hinted earlier today, it's incorporating Bluetooth Smart Ready support (that is, Bluetooth 4.0 on a dual-mode chip) in an upcoming version of Android. Having a common platform should allow for more reliable behavior, not to mention fewer roadblocks to using low power Bluetooth Smart (single-mode Bluetooth 4.0) devices like the Fitbit Flex. There's only one catch that we can see, so far: when Google hasn't said how soon we'll get that Android upgrade, wireless peripheral lovers will have to remain patient.

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/_Uqn1fUZ7nk/

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Moth-inspired nanostructures take the color out of thin films

May 16, 2013 ? Inspired by the structure of moth eyes, researchers at North Carolina State University have developed nanostructures that limit reflection at the interfaces where two thin films meet, suppressing the "thin-film interference" phenomenon commonly observed in nature. This can potentially improve the efficiency of thin-film solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

Thin-film interference occurs when a thin film of one substance lies on top of a second substance. For example, thin-film interference is what causes the rainbow sheen we see when there is gasoline in a puddle of water.

Gasoline is transparent, but some light is still reflected off of its surface. Similarly, some of the light that passes through the gasoline is reflected off the underlying surface of the water where the two substances interface, or meet. Because the light reflected off the water has to pass back through the gasoline, it takes a slightly different optical path than the light that was reflected off the surface of the gasoline. The mismatch of these optical path "lengths" is what creates the rainbow sheen -- and that phenomenon is thin-film interference.

Thin-film interference is a problem for devices that use multiple layers of thin films, like thin-film solar cells, because it means that some wavelengths of light are being reflected -- or "lost" -- at every film interface. The more thin films a device has, the more interfaces there are, and the more light is lost.

"We were inspired by the surface structure of a moth's eye, which has evolved so that it doesn't reflect light," says Dr. Chih-Hao Chang, an assistant professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at NC State and co-author of a paper on the research. "By mimicking that concept, we've developed a nanostructure that significantly minimizes thin-film interference."

The nanostructures are built into thin films that will have a second thin film placed on top of them. The nanostructures are an extension of the thin film beneath them, and resemble a tightly-packed forest of thin cones. These nanostructures are "interfacial," penetrating into whatever thin film is layered on top of them -- and limiting the amount of light reflected at that interface. Chang's team found that the an interface featuring the interfacial nanostructures reflects 100 times less light than an interface of thin films without the nanostructures.

"Our next steps are to design a solar device that takes advantage of this concept and to determine how we can scale it up for commercial applications," Chang says.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/PWeHojUBHRQ/130516105614.htm

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News orgs, including McClatchy, protest DOJ's subpoena of AP phone records (Washington Bureau)

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